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æppel (1)

noun, m., a-decl., 31 occ.

Type: plant-part

Last Update: 17.10.2011 09:28

Old-English: æpel-, æppel, æppel-, æppil-, æppyl-, apol-, ęppel, hapel-, happel, æpl, appel, æpples, æppeles, æples, applæs, eaples, æpple, æple, æpplas, æplas, æppla, æpla, æpilra, appla, apla, epla, uppla, æpplum, æplum, æwplum, happlum, aplum,

Latin (Machine generated): MALA, MALIS, MALUM, POMA, POMORUM, POMUM,

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References Last Update: 21.11.2022 15:46

Meaning Last Update: 22.02.2010 08:11

  • A: plant-part: native
    Mali fructus, apple, Apfel
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Comment Last Update: 17.10.2011 09:10

  • Comment on (A): Mali fructus, apple, Apfel

    Ad declination: orig. u-decl. The attributes swēte 'sweet, süß', milsc 'sweet, mild; süß, mild', sūr 'sour, sauer', sūr-melsc 'sweet and sour, süßsauer', grēne 'green, unripe; grün, unreif', hwīt 'white, not coloured, unripe; weiß, nicht gefärbt, unreif', which are used to define æppel, denote different, not identifyable subspecies or degrees of ripeness. For further information see the respective lemmata: →æppel, grēne; →æppel, hwīt; →æppel, milsc; →æppel, sūr; →æppel, sūrmelsc; →æppel, swēte.

    Although different kinds of apples were used, identifying a distinct species is nearly impossible for this period (cf. Banham 1990,107ff and Hagen 1995,50); archeobotanists tend towards normalising to Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.

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Occurrences Last Update: 04.06.2009 06:37

  • C 1.1, Abbo 11, 225 MALIS æpplum
  • C 1.2, Abbo 107, 6 MALIS æpplum
  • C 16, Prog, Förster, Archiv 125, 67, 649f POMA æppla
  • C 18.2, Hy S.31 POMUM æppel
  • C 4, BenR, 70, 16 POMA æpla
  • C 49, S.39, 962 MALUM ęppel
  • C 5, Mem, 126, 17f POMA æppla
  • C21.1, Rit, 99, 1 POMORUM æpilra
  • ClQu, 37,10 MALUM æppel
  • ClSt, M 13 MALA æppel
  • D 25, Bodley 730, f.145r, col.2/2 MALUM happel
  • HA, 232/18[1] gsg æples
  • LA, 154/1[2] nasg æppel
  • LA, 156/10[3] gsg æpples
  • LA, 156/14[4] nasg æppel
  • LB, 40/21 gsg æples
  • LB, 40/24 nasg æppel
  • LB, 40/26 nasg æppel
  • LB, 50/25 gpl æpla
  • LB, 73/21 napl æpla
  • LB, 74/21 gpl æppla
  • Ps(B), 78,1 POMORUM æppla
  • Ps(D), 78,1 POMORUM apla
  • Ps(E), 78,1 POMORUM æpla
  • Ps(F), 78,1 POMORUM epla
  • Ps(G), 78,1 POMORUM æppla
  • Ps(H), 78,1 POMORUM uppla[5]
  • Ps(I), 78,1 POMORUM æppla
  • Ps(I), 78,1 POMORUM æpplena
  • Ps(J), 78,1 POMORUM æpla
  • Ps(K), 78,1 POMORUM æpla
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Research Literature

Abbo: Stevenson, William Henry, and W.M. Lindsay. Early Scholastic Colloquies. Anecdota Oxoniensia. Texts, Documents and Extracts chiefly from Manuscripts in the Bodleian and other Oxford Libraries. IV. Mediaeval and modern Series ; 1,15. Oxford: Calrendon, 1929.
Abbo: Zupitza, Julius. "Altenglische Glossen zu _Abbos Clericorum Decus_." Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur 31 (1887): 1-27.
AldVGo: Goossens, Louis. The Old English Glosses of 'MS. Brussels, Royal Library 1650'. (Aldhelm's De Laudibus Virginitatis) Edited with an introduction, notes and indexes. Klasse der Letteren. Verhandelingen. 36,74. Brussels: Paleis der Academien, 1974.
AldVNa: Napier, Arthur Sampson. Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
BenR: Logeman, Henri. The Rule of St. Benet. Early English Text Society; 90. Unaltered reprint London 1888. Woodbridge, Suffolk u.a.: Boydell & Brewer, 2000.
BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClQu: Quinn, John Joseph. The Minor Latin-Old English Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Diss Stanford U. 1956.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
DOE: Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.). Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
HA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Herbarium Apuleii Platonici." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 1. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 1-325.
Hy: Stevenson, Joseph. The Latin Hymns of the Anglo-Saxon Church. Surtees Society 23. Durham: 1851.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
Mem: Napier, Arthur Sampson. The Old English Version with the Latin Original of the Enlarged Rule of Chrodegang. Unaltered reprint of London 1916. Early English Text Society. O.S. 150. Woodbridge u.a.: Boydell & Brewer, 1999. 119-128.
PD: Löweneck, Max (ed.). Peri Didaxeon. Erlanger Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 12. Erlangen: Junge, 1896.
Prog: Förster, Max. "Beiträge zur mittelalterlichen Volkskunde IV." Archiv 125 (1970): 47-70 (art. a).
Ps (B): Brenner, Eduard. Der altenglische Junius-Psalter: Anglistische Forschungen 23. Heidelberg: Winter, 1908.
Ps (D), PsCa (D): Roeder, Fritz. Der altenglische Regius-Psalter. Studien zur englischen Philo­logie. 18. Repr. d. Ausg. Halle an d. Saale 1904. Walluf b. Wiesbaden: Sändig, 1904.
PS (E), PsCa (E): Harsley, Fred. Eadwine's Canterbury Psalter. Unaltered reprint London, Trübner, 1889. Early English Text Society. Woodbridge, Suffolk u.a.: Boydell & Brewer, 2000.
Ps (F): Kimmens, Andrew. An Edition of British Museum MS Stow 2: The Stowe Psalter. Diss Princeton U. 1969.
Ps (G), PsCa (G): Rosier, James L. (ed.). The Vitellus Psalter. Cornell Studies in English. 42. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1962.
Ps (H): Campbell, A. P. (ed.). The Tiberius Psalter. Ottawa Medieval Texts and Studies. 2. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 1974.
PS (I), PsCa (I): Lindelöf, Uno Lorenz. Der Lambeth-Psalter. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 35/i and 43/iii. 2 vols.. Helsinki: 1909.
PS (J): MS London, British Library, Arundel 60.
PS (K), PsCa (K): Sisam, Celia and Kenneth. The Salisbury Psalter. Early English Text Society : [Original series]; 242. First published 1959. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1969.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Banham, Debby. The Knowledge and Uses of Food Plants in Anglo-Saxon England. Diss. Cambridge University. Index to Theses. 40. Cambridge: 1990.
Berberich, Hugo, ed. Das Herbarium Apuleii nach einer früh-mittelenglischen Fassung. Anglistische Forschungen 5. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1966. Heidelberg: Winter, 1902.
Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Peri Didaxeon." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 82-143.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia and M. L. Cameron, eds.. The Old English Illustrated Pharmacopoeia: British Library Cotton Vitellius C.III. Early English Manuscripts in Faksimile 27. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1998.
Davey, William J.. An Edition of the Regius Psalter and its Latin Commentary. Diss Univ. of Ottawa Ottawa: 1979.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
DeVriend, Hubert Jan (ed.). The 'Old English Herbarium' and 'Medicina de Quadrupedibus'. Early English Text Society. Original series 286. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hagen, Ann. A Second Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Food & Drink: Production & Distribution. First publ. 1995. Hock-wold cum Wilton, Norf.: Anglo-Saxon Books, 1995.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Hilbelink, A.J.G. (ed.). Cotton MS Vitellius C III of the Herbarium Apuleii. Diss. Amsterdam: 1930.
Howald, Ernestus und Henricus Sigerist (eds.). Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Bd.4. Antonii Musae de Herba Vettonica Liber. Pseudoapulei Herbarius. Anonymi de Taxone Liber. Sexti Placiti Liber Medicinae ex Animalibus etc. Leipzig: Teubner, 1927.
Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias (ed.). The Herbal of Pseudo-Apuleius. From the ninth-century manuscript in the abbey of Monte Cassino [Codex Casinen-sis 97] together with the first printed edition of Jon. Phil. de Lignamine [Editio princeps Romae 1481] both in facsimile, described and annotated by F.W.T. Hunger. Leyden: Brill, 1935.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Liles, Bruce Lynn. The Canterbury Psalter: An Edition with Notes and Glossary. Diss Stanford U. Stanford: 1967.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
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MS Cambridge, Trinity College, R.17.1.
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[1]:

Ch. CXIX; cont.: syle drincan on rinde þæs æples þe man malum granatum nemneþ; also cf. æppel, gecyrnlod.

[2]:

Nine Herbs Charm: þær geændode æppel 7 attor, þæt heo næfre ne wolde on hus bugan. also cf. note on LA 156/10 and wudu-sūræppel.

[3]:

Cont.: lombes cyrse, attorlaþan, magethan, netelan, wudusuræppel, fille 7 finul, ealde sapan; gewyrc þa wyrta to duste; mænge wiþ þa sapan 7 wþ þæs æpples [w]o[s] [...] Sing þæt galdor on ælcre þara wyrta, III ær he hy wyrce, 7 on þone æppel eal swa; 156/10: MS. gor, also Cockayne and Leonhardi. The plants listed here to a large extend overlap with those of the Nine Herbs Charm (cf. Grattan and Singer 1952,151, n.4), therfeore we can assume the meaing Mali fructus, crab-apple, Holzapfel for all three occurrences of the LA: cf. wudusūræppel.

[4]:

Cf. note on LA, 156/10.

[5]:

L. APPLA oder ÆPPLA.