Printer print
← previous
Variants - References - Meaning - Comment - Occurrences - Etymology - Image - Research Literature
next →
Malus_sylvestris

apuldor

noun, f., n-decl., 14 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 04.11.2011 10:33

Old-English: æpeldre, æpeldure, apelder-, apeldre, apoldor-, apulder-, apulder, apuldor, apuldr, apuldre, apuldre, apuldro, apuldur,

Latin (Machine generated): MALUS,

↑ top

References Last Update: 18.10.2022 10:20

Meaning Last Update: 15.05.2009 09:00

  • A: plant: native
    Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., crab-apple tree, Holzapfelbaum
↑ top

Comment Last Update: 04.11.2011 10:46

  • Comment on (A): Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., crab-apple tree, Holzapfelbaum

    Although different kinds of apples were used (cf. →æppel (1)), identifying a distinct species is nearly impossible for this period (cf. Banham 1990,107ff. and Hagen 1995,50); archeobotanists tend towards normalising to Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.

    Etymology: Declination doubtful. So far there is no sound law evidence for a connection of the OE suffixes -dor, OHG -tra (as in affoltra 'apple tree, Apfelbaum), ON -dr (as in apaldr) with the IE root ∗deru- 'tree, Baum' (Pokorny 1989, I, 214; cf. RUS derewo, OE trēo, etc.), therefore we have to assume that we are looking at a modification of the IE suffix ∗-tro, Proto Gmc ∗-Đra, which suggests an initial suffix accentuation. This suffix, which forms several concrete denominations (cf. Kluge 1926,§93), appears after Lenisspaltung as WGmc -dra and occurs in several tree names: OE apuldor, →mapuldor 'maple, Ahorn', OHG wehhalter 'juniper, Wacholder', holuntar 'elder, Holunder', etc. As early as the 8th cent. (cf. Schlutter 1922,323), which is much earlier as indicated in the NED s.v. apple-tree, we have a record of the OE form æppel-trēow, which by and by replaced the less meaningful apuldor (cf. Hemken 1906,39). The form apuldor survives in ON Appledore, Appledram, Appuldurcomb. [ODEP, S.10f.]

↑ top

Occurrences Last Update: 15.05.2009 09:01

  • AntK, 122,3 MALUS apulder
  • C 28, Na 56, 358 MALUS apeldre
  • ClQu, 37,9 MALUS apuldor
  • ClSt, M 14 MALUS apuldor
  • Cp, 1295 (M 24) MALUS apuldur
  • D 29, Ker Nr.371, b MALUS apu[1]
  • Ep, 636 MALUS apuldur
  • Erf, 636 MALUS apuldro
  • LB, 20/40 nasg apuldor
  • LB, 21/7 nsg apuldre
  • LB, 27/10 nasg apuldor
  • Æ, (C) 312,4f MALUS apuldre
  • Æ, (W) 312,4f MALUS æp[eldre]
  • Æ, 312,4f MALUS apeldre
↑ top

Etymology Last Update: 04.11.2011 10:33

  • Etymology: Etymology-Comment:
  • Word-Formation:
  • Word-Formation-Comment:
↑ top

Image Last Update: 04.11.2011 10:33

Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., crab-apple tree, Holzapfelbaum
Malus_sylvestris

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

↑ top

Research Literature

AldVNa: Napier, Arthur Sampson. Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
AntK: Kindschi, Lowell. The Latin-Old English Glossaries in Planton-Moretus Manuscript 43 and British Museum Manuscript Additional 32,246. Unpubl. diss. Stanford University: 1955.
BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClQu: Quinn, John Joseph. The Minor Latin-Old English Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Diss Stanford U. 1956.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Cp: Hessels, John Henry. An Eighth-Century Latin Anglo-Saxon Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1890.
Cp: Lindsay, Wallace Martin. The Corpus Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1921.
Cp: Wynn, J. B. An Edition of the Anglo-Saxon Corpus Glosses. Unpubl. Diss. Oxford: 1961.
DOE: Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.). Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
Ep, Erf: Pheifer, J.D. (ed.). Old English Glosses in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.
Ep: Brown, Alan Kelsey. The Epinal Glossary edited with Critical Commentary of the Vocabulary. Vol. I: Edition. Vol. II: Commentary. Diss., Stanford University. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1969.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Bischoff, Bernard, et al. (eds.).. The Épinal, Erfurt, Werden and Corpus Glossaries. Early English manuscripts in facsimile 22. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1988.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Ker, Neil Ripley. Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon. First published 1957. Re-issued. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Lindsay, Wallace Martin. Corpus, Épinal, Erfurt and Leyden Glossaries. Publications of the Philological Society VIII. London: Oxford University Press, 1921.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS Oxford, St John's College, 154.
MS Antwerp, Plantin-Moretus Museum, 47.
MS Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale, Nouv.Acq.Lat. 586.
MS London, British Library, Add. 32246.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144.
MS Epinal, Bibliotheque Municipale, 72.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS Erfurt, Wissenschaftliche Allgemeinbibliothek, Amplonianus F.42.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 449.
MS Worcester, Cathedral, F.174.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie. The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Sauer, Hans. "Old English Plant-Names in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary: Etymology, Word-Formation and Semantics." In: _Words, Lexemes, Concepts - approaches to the lexicon. Studies in honour of Leonhard Lipka._ Ed. Wolfgang Falkner and Hans-Jörg Schmidt. Tübingen: Narr, 1999. 23-38.
Storms, Godfrid (ed.). Anglo-Saxon Magic. Reprint of the 1948 ed. published by M. Nijhoff, The Hague. Norwood, Pa: Norwood Editions, 1975.
Voss, Manfred. "Strykers Edition des alphabetischen Cleopatraglossars: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 13:2 (1988): 123-138.
Voss, Manfred. "Quinns Edition der kleineren Cleopatraglossare: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 14:2 (1989): 127-139.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.). Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
Æ: Zupitza, Julius (ed.). Ælfrics Grammatik und Glossar. 4., unveränd. Aufl. / mit einer Einl. von Helmut Gneuss - Nachdr. der 1. Aufl., Berlin, [Weidmann], 1880. Hildesheim: Weidmann, 2003.
[1]:

Cf. Ker 1. apuldre