Printer print
← previous
Variants - References - Meanings - Comments - Occurrences - Etymology - Images - Research Literature
next →
Arctium_lappa_1924

clāte

noun, f., n-decl., 46 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 22.04.2011 16:05

Old-English: clata, clatae, clate, clayte, elace(?), clata-, clatan, clata, clatum, clatan,

Latin (Machine generated): AMORFOLIA, ARMORFOLIA.I.GLICONON UEL, BLITON, BLITUM, CLITON, CLITUM, FILANTROPOS, GLATUNER, HERBA HABENS LATA FOLIA, LAPPA, LAPPIS, OXILAPATIUM, PERSONACIA, PHILANTROPIAN. LAPPA, TUBERA,

↑ top

References Last Update: 22.11.2022 18:14

Meanings Last Update: 28.07.2009 12:06

  • A: plant: native
    Arctium lappa L., greater burdock, Große Klette
  • B: plant: native
    Galium aparine L., cleavers, Kletten-Labkraut
↑ top

Comments Last Update: 05.05.2012 20:48

  • Comment on (A): Arctium lappa L., greater burdock, Große Klette

    This identification is more probable for the LA because clāte and →hege-clīfe occur in the same recipe (101/25-102/5), and in 112/25 and 150/3 the use of the root is prescribed. Grattan/Singer translate 'clote'[1] and once, in 150/3 'burdock'[2].

  • Comment on (B): Galium aparine L., cleavers, Kletten-Labkraut

    The source for HA CLXXIV is Dioscurides III,104 (cf. Berendes 1902,326) which is witout doubt a description of G. aparine, the HA equally has a plant description matching G. aparine.

    The following L names denote other plants: BLITON = Amaranthus blitum L., least amaranth, Aufsteigender Fuchsschwanz, a spinach plant (cf. Fischer-Benzon 1998,127); in Is. (17,10,15) BLITUM is synonym with BETA: BLITUM GENUS OLERIS, SPORIS EVANIDI, QUASI VILIS BETA. In HA XXXVII the OE form for BETA, →bēte (Beta vulgaris L., beet, Rote Bete), is used to translate L PERSONACIA ('bur, Klette'), so it is possible that the glossator saw BLITUM as a synonym of PERSONACIA. (also cf. Cameron 1993,81). A confusion with CLITON, CLITUM (cf. André, 1964: CLITO = A. lappa, and a loan from Frankish kletto) is not likely because of the early origin of Ep, Erf, and Cp.

    CLICONON seems to be a form of GLICONUS (Mentha pulegium L., pennyroyal, Poleiminze; cf. André 1985, s.v. GLECHON) which is also recorded as CLITONIUM (cf. Diefenbach 1857, s.v GLICONUS).

    OXYLAPATIUM denotes a Rumex species (cf. →docce).

    TUBERA is the L name for Cyclamen purpurascens Miller, cyclamen, Sommer-Alpenveilchen (cf. André 1985, s.v. TUBERA). Pheifer (1974,XXX) proves this with the interpretamentum in Ep, which is consistent with the Corpus glossary: GENUS CIBI QUOD SUB TERRA INUENITUR (cf. L PANIS PORCINUS, 'sow-bread, Saubrot = Cyclamen purpurascens Miller; Marzell 2000,1,1284f). The old names of C. purpurascens were often confused with the names for Aristolochia clematis L., birthwort, Gewöhnliche Osterluzei (cf. Marzell 2000,1,389)[3], which is probably the explanation for the gloss C 71.2, Meritt 73b,9 ARISTOLOGIA →wudu-clate.

↑ top

Occurrences Last Update: 16.02.2010 13:14

  • AntFö, 130,194 LAPPA clate ł clyfwyrt
  • AntFö, 133,206 AMORFOLIA clate
  • AntFö, 133,209 PHILANTROPIAN. LAPPA clate
  • AntK, 119,11 OXILAPATIUM[4].G, anes cynnes clate
  • Br,WW, 295,32 CLITON clate
  • Br,WW, 298,15 LAPPA clate
  • C 28, Na 56, 412 LAPPA clate
  • C 71.2, Meritt 73c, 46 GLATUNER[5] clate
  • ClSt, B 34 BLITUM clate
  • ClSt, L 285 LAPPIS clatum
  • Cp, 2093 (T 318) TUBERA clate
  • Cp, 316(B 142) BLITUM clate
  • D 20, Meritt 69, 8 BLITUM clate
  • D 32, AhdGl 1, 666, 1ff HERBA HABENS LATA FOLIA clayte[6]
  • D 40, Meritt 70, 10 BLITUM clate
  • D 59, Steinmeyer 1889, S.250 PERSONACIA clife.I. clata clatacrop[7]
  • Dur, 123 CLITON clate
  • Dur, 201 CLITUM clate UEL clifvyrt
  • Dur, 214 LAPPA clate
  • Dur, 24 AMORFOLIA clate
  • Ep, 144 BLITUM clatae
  • Erf, 144 BLITUM clate
  • HA, CLXXIV, 306/4 asg Đas wyrte man FHYLANTROPOS nemneþ ƀ ys on ure geþeode menlufigende forþy heo wyle hraēdlice to þam men geclyfian 7 heo hafaþ saēd gelic mannes nafolan þa man eac oþrum naman clate nemneþ
  • LA, 102/2 nsg clate
  • LA, 110/14 nsg clate
  • LA, 112/25[8] gsg clatan
  • LA, 146/24 nsg clate
  • LA, 15O/3f[9] gsg clatan
  • Laud, 169 ARMORFOLIA.I.GLICONON UEL elace[10]
  • Laud, 206 BLITON clate
  • Laud, 664 FILANTROPOS clate
  • LB, 101/4 asg clatan
  • LB, 104/30 nsg clate
  • LB, 108/29 nsg clate
  • LB, 18/7 asg clatan
  • LB, 23/28 nsg clate
  • LB, 31/25 asg þa smalan clatan
  • LB, 32/11 nsg clate
  • LB, 32/29 asg clatan
  • LB, 33/41 nsg clate
  • LB, 34/3 asg clatan
  • LB, 38/7 asg clatan þa þe swimman wolde
  • LB, 73/34 dsg clatan
  • LB, 82/22 asg clatan
  • Ld[11], Holth. Nr.48 LAPPA clate
  • Æ, 311,7f LAPPA clate oþþe clifwyrt
↑ top

Images Last Update: 22.04.2011 16:05

Arctium lappa L., greater burdock, Große Klette
Arctium_lappa_1924

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Fitch, Walter Hood. Illustrations of the British Flora: London: Reeve, 1924.

Galium aparine L., cleavers, Kletten-Labkraut
Galium_aparine_bd4_tafel_091

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

↑ top

Research Literature

AhdGl: Steinmeyer, Elias und Eduard Sievers. Die althochdeutschen Glossen. Repr. 5 Bde. Hildesheim: Weidmann, 1999.
AldVNa: Napier, Arthur Sampson. Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
AntFö: Förster, Max. "Die altenglische Glossenhandschrift Plantinus 32 (Antwerpen) und Additional 32246 (London)." Anglia 41 (1917): 94-161.
AntK: Kindschi, Lowell. The Latin-Old English Glossaries in Planton-Moretus Manuscript 43 and British Museum Manuscript Additional 32,246. Unpubl. diss. Stanford University: 1955.
Br: Logeman, Henri. "Zu Wright-Wülker I, 204-303." Archiv 85 (1890): 316-318.
BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Cp: Hessels, John Henry. An Eighth-Century Latin Anglo-Saxon Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1890.
Cp: Lindsay, Wallace Martin. The Corpus Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1921.
Cp: Wynn, J. B. An Edition of the Anglo-Saxon Corpus Glosses. Unpubl. Diss. Oxford: 1961.
Dioscurides: Berendes, Julius, ed. Des Pedanios Dioskorides aus Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre in fünf Büchern. Übersetzt und mit Erklärungen versehen. Stuttgart: Enke, 1902.
DOE: Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.). Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
Dur: Lindheim, B. von. Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
Ep, Erf: Pheifer, J.D. (ed.). Old English Glosses in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.
Ep: Brown, Alan Kelsey. The Epinal Glossary edited with Critical Commentary of the Vocabulary. Vol. I: Edition. Vol. II: Commentary. Diss., Stanford University. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1969.
HA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Herbarium Apuleii Platonici." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 1. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 1-325.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
Laud: Stracke, J. Richard (ed.). The Laud Herbal Glossary. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1974.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
Ld: Glogger, Placidus. Das Leidener Glossar. Cod. Voss. lat. 4⁰ 69. 3 Teile in 4 Bdn. Teil 1 : Text der Handschrift Teil 2 : Erklärungsversuche Teil 3A : Verwandte Handschriften und Ergänzungen. Teil 3B : Indices. Augsburg: Pfeiffer, 1901.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
André, Jacques. Les noms de plantes dans la Rome antique. Paris: Société d'édition 'les belles lettres', 1985.
Berberich, Hugo, ed. Das Herbarium Apuleii nach einer früh-mittelenglischen Fassung. Anglistische Forschungen 5. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1966. Heidelberg: Winter, 1902.
Bischoff, Bernard, et al. (eds.).. The Épinal, Erfurt, Werden and Corpus Glossaries. Early English manuscripts in facsimile 22. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1988.
Cameron, Malcolm Lawrence. Anglo-Saxon Medicine. Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England. 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia and M. L. Cameron, eds.. The Old English Illustrated Pharmacopoeia: British Library Cotton Vitellius C.III. Early English Manuscripts in Faksimile 27. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1998.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
DeVriend, Hubert Jan (ed.). The 'Old English Herbarium' and 'Medicina de Quadrupedibus'. Early English Text Society. Original series 286. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Diefenbach, Lorenz. Glossarium Latino-Germanicum Mediae et Infimae Aetatis. Frankfurt am Main: Bär, 1857.
Fischer-Benzon, Rudolph von. Altdeutsche Gartenflora. Nachdruck der Ausgabe Kiel und Leipzig, 1894. Liechtenstein: Sändig Reprint, 1998.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Hilbelink, A.J.G. (ed.). Cotton MS Vitellius C III of the Herbarium Apuleii. Diss. Amsterdam: 1930.
Holthausen, Ferdinand. "Die Leidener Glossen." Englische Studien 50 (1916): 327-340.
Howald, Ernestus und Henricus Sigerist (eds.). Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Bd.4. Antonii Musae de Herba Vettonica Liber. Pseudoapulei Herbarius. Anonymi de Taxone Liber. Sexti Placiti Liber Medicinae ex Animalibus etc. Leipzig: Teubner, 1927.
Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias (ed.). The Herbal of Pseudo-Apuleius. From the ninth-century manuscript in the abbey of Monte Cassino [Codex Casinen-sis 97] together with the first printed edition of Jon. Phil. de Lignamine [Editio princeps Romae 1481] both in facsimile, described and annotated by F.W.T. Hunger. Leyden: Brill, 1935.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Lindsay, Wallace Martin. Corpus, Épinal, Erfurt and Leyden Glossaries. Publications of the Philological Society VIII. London: Oxford University Press, 1921.
Marzell, Heinrich. Wörterbuch der deutschen Pflanzennamen. Mit Unterstützung der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bearb. von Heinrich Marzell. Unter Mitw. von Wilhelm Wissmann. Köln: Parkland, 2000.
Meritt, Herbert Dean. Old English Glosses. MLA General Series.16. Repr. New York: 1971.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C iii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 6258b.
MS Oxford, St John's College, 154.
MS Dresden, Sächsische Landesbibliothek, Dc. 160+187+186+185.
MS Antwerp, Plantin-Moretus Museum, 47.
MS London, British Library, Add. 32246.
MS Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, 1828-30.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144.
MS Durham, Cathedral, Hunter 100.
MS Epinal, Bibliotheque Municipale, 72.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS London, British Library, Royal 7 D.ii.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Laud Misc. 567.
MS Bern, Stadtbibliothek, 258.
MS Erfurt, Wissenschaftliche Allgemeinbibliothek, Amplonianus F.42.
MS Leiden, Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Vossianus Lat. Fol. 24.
MS Leiden, Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Vossianus Lat. 4° 69.
MS Werden, Pfarrhof, .
MS Münster, Universitätsbibliothek, Paulinianus 271(719).
MS Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 187.
Olds, Barbara M.. The Anglo-Saxon Leechbook III: A Critical Edition and Translation. Diss. Univ. of Denver. 1985.
Pettit, Edward, (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from British Library MS Harley 585: the 'Lacnunga'. Vol. I: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Appendices. Vol. II: Commentary and Bibliography. Mellen Critical Editions and Translations. 6A and 6B. Lewiston, Queenston and Lampeter: Mellen, 2001.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie. The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Sauer, Hans. "Old English Plant-Names in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary: Etymology, Word-Formation and Semantics." In: _Words, Lexemes, Concepts - approaches to the lexicon. Studies in honour of Leonhard Lipka._ Ed. Wolfgang Falkner and Hans-Jörg Schmidt. Tübingen: Narr, 1999. 23-38.
Steinmeyer Elias von. "Lateinische und altenglische Glossen." ZfdA 33 (1889): 242-251.
Steinmeyer, Elias. "Rez. von Gallee 1894." ZfdA, Anzeiger 22 (1896): 276.
Storms, Godfrid (ed.). Anglo-Saxon Magic. Reprint of the 1948 ed. published by M. Nijhoff, The Hague. Norwood, Pa: Norwood Editions, 1975.
Van Arsdall, Anne. Medieval Herbal Remedies. Illustrations by Robby Poore. New York and London: Routledge, 2002.
Varnhagen, Hermann. De Glossis Nonnullis Anglicis. Erlangen: Typis Friedrich Junge, 1902.
Voss, Manfred. "Strykers Edition des alphabetischen Cleopatraglossars: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 13:2 (1988): 123-138.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.). Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
[1]:

Grattan/Singer (1951,103, A.1): "Clote cannot be identified, but that it meant a burr is shown by a curious passage in Lchdms. i. p. 306: "This herb is called philanthropos, that is in our language men-loving, because it will readily cleave to man." The joke is second-hand, being from Pliny XXIV. 116."

[2]:

Grattan/Singer (1951,151, A.2): "Clote signifies a plant with fruit that clings to garments. We usually leave the term as of an unidentifiable species, but here the meaning seems to be the greater burdock."

[3]:

Also cf. L HA (Howald / Sigerist XIX) where ARISTOLOCHIA, MALUM TERRAE and DARDANUS (cf. s.v. wuduclāte) are synonymous.

[4]:

N.: "J, OXYLAPATION."

[5]:

N.: "The lemma GLATUNER I do not understand. The gloss clate is followed by a second gloss lappe".

[6]:

Clayte is probably the result of clate with a superscript -v- (for VERNACULE); cf. n.3 and cf. (s.v.) coydic (for cŏdic).

[7]:

N.: "in der hs. ist clataclatacrop geschrieben."

[8]:

Cont.: clatan moran.

[9]:

Cont.: clatan moran, þa greatan, III oþþe IIII.

[10]:

N.: "Elace = Old English clate? Compare WW 134,18 AMORFOLIA, clate".

[11]:

Over -a- read -v-; cf. Glogger (1901, note to 26,32).