spere-wyrt

Old-English: sperevyrt, sperewert, sperewyrt, speruuuyrt,

Latin (Machine generated): HINNULA CAMPANA, INNULAM CAMPANAM, INNULE CAMPANE, NAP SILUATICA, UENERIA,

• →wyrt;

• C:
  Ranunculus L., spearwort, Hahnenfuß,
• A: plant: introduced Before Roman times?
  Inula helenium L., elecampane, Echter Alant
• B: plant: native
  Iris pseudacorus L., yellow iris, Sumpf-Schwertlilie

• Comment on (A): Inula helenium L., elecampane, Echter Alant

  Cf. Hunger (1935,168,XCVIII): INULA CAMPANA = I. helenium. This identification is not valid for LA because in 110/15f sperewyrt occurs alsongside →elene (110/13), which also denotes I. helenium.

  Etymology: cf. Cockayne's remark on the plant's drawing (1961,I,210): "MSS.V.G. draw spears rising from a root." Other than this I do not see any reason for the name 'spearwort, Speerkraut'; the G popular names do not provide an indication either.

• Comment on (B): Iris pseudacorus L., yellow iris, Sumpf-Schwertlilie

  Cf. Ep 1078 and the respective note, Pheifer (1974,56) identifies UENERIA with 'galingale' (cf. →gallengar) and refers to the Hermeneumata gloss UENERIA.I.ACORUM (CGL, III,579/22). But UENERIA as well as ACORUM denote I. pseudacorus (cf André 1985, s.v.v. ACORUM and VENEREA), Dur 331 (UENERIA smerowyrt) and Lindheim's note, and Stracke (1974, n.153). On the gloss UENERIA smerowyrt (Cp, Hessels 1890,U 97: UENERIA. *smeoruwyrt) and Erf 1078, Pheifer (1975,56): UENERIA smeruuuyrt) cf. our comment s.v. →smeru-wyrt, which are based on Pheifer's suggestion "presumably an error of the archetype corrected in Epinal".

  Etymology: The name 'spearwort, Speerkraut' could also refer to blade/sword-like leaves (cf. the various NHG names for I. pseudacorus referring to this fact collected by Marzell 2000,II,1031).

• Comment on (C): Ranunculus L., spearwort, Hahnenfuß,

  For the LA Pettit generally supports identification B but also points out Hunt's identification of the ME plant name sperwort (cf. 1989,42f,102,118f.) Ranunculus flammula L.; lesser spearwort; Brennender Hahnenfuß, or Ranunculus lingua L.; great spearwort; Zungen-Hanhnenfuß, both native to Anglo-Saxon England.

• Etymology: Etymology-Comment:
• Word-Formation:
• Word-Formation-Comment: