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Brassica_rapa_l

smeru-wyrt

noun, f., i-decl., 20 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 25.06.2014 21:27

Old-English: smeorevyrt, smeorewirt, smeoruwyrt, smerevyrt, smerewurt, smerewyrt, smerewyrt, smerovyrt, smerowyrt, smerowyrt, smeruuuyrt, smeruwyrt,

Latin (Machine generated): ABSINUATICA, ARISTOLOCHIA, ARISTOLOGIA, ARISTOLOGIAE, DE ARISTOLOGIA, FEBRIFUGIA, NAM SILUATICA, UENERIA, UNCTEOLAM, [].M SILUATICA,

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Reference Last Update: 25.12.2022 19:34

Meanings Last Update: 25.06.2014 21:27

  • A: plant: foreign Clapham (cf. 1962,534): A. clematis, introduced; A. rotunda, rarely naturalised.
    Aristolochia L., birthwort, a species of ~, Osterluzei, eine Art von ~
  • B: plant: introduced Clapham (1962,124): "Probably introduced. Common throughout Great Britain and Ireland."
    ? Brassica rapa var. silvestris (Lam.), turnip, Rübenkohl
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Comments Last Update: 23.08.2011 10:07

  • Comment on (A): Aristolochia L., birthwort, a species of ~, Osterluzei, eine Art von ~

    This interpretation is based on HA: þeos wyrt þe man aristolochiam 7 oþrum naman smerowyrt nemneþ (Cockayne 1961,I,114); also cf. Hunger (1935,167): XX: ASTROLOGIA = A. rotunda and D'Aronco (1998,50): A. clematis L., A. longa L. Also cf. Laud 153 (ARISTOLOGIA.I. smerewyrt) and the respective note. According to Britten / Holland (1886,437) the name 'fat-wort, Fettwurz' has to be seen "in allusion to its use in ointments." Cockayne (1962,II,406) also suggests Mercurialis L. (several native species), mercury, Bingelkraut based on (Middle English) gloss evidence; and Pinguicula vulgaris L. (native), bog violet / butterwort, Gewöhnliches Butterkraut the identification of which he bases on the plant's habitus (i.e. the greasy sap covering the leaves, cf. Prior 1879,34).

  • Comment on (B): ? Brassica rapa var. silvestris (Lam.), turnip, Rübenkohl

    OE smeruwyrt not only glosses ARISTOLOCHIA but also L UENERIA (Ep, cf. Pheifer, Nr. 1078; DP, Nr.331), ABSINUATICA (Dur, 3), FEBRIFUGIA (Dur,166), UNCTEOLA (Manitius, S.432), nam SILUATICA (WW 457/16). According to Pheiffer (1974,134 and n. 1078) smeruwyrt is erroneously associated with the L lemma which in the parallel gloss is associated with speruuuyrt (cf. Erf. 1078). According to Lindheim the lemma ABSINUATICA is a corrupted Gk. ἀψινθάτιον, which can easily be corrected to nap SILUATICA which then would be analogue to (the again erroneous gloss) WW 457/16: Nam SILUATICA smerowyrt. The writing error in this gloss can easily be seen when compared to WW 135/12: Nap SILUATICE, spere wyrt UEL wilde næp: here sperewyrt erroneously replaces smerewyrt. Wilde nǣp (cf. →nǣp), Brassica napus L.) seems to denote B. rapa; the name smerewyrt 'fat-wort, Fettwurz' is appropriate because its seeds are used for oil production (cf. Marzell 2000,I,658); also cf. the G popular names of the related B. napus 'Schmalzrübe, Speckrübe' (Marzell 2000,I,638).

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Occurrences Last Update: 23.08.2011 10:38

  • Br,WW, 296,18 ARISTOLOGIA smerewyrt
  • C 36, Gough S.276 ARISTOLOGIAE smerewyrt
  • C 71.2, Meritt 73a, 2 UNCTEOLAM[1] QUE ANGLICE DICITUR smerewyrt
  • C 84, Gough S.286 und Bierbaumer 1977, S.119 DE ARISTOLOGIA smeorewirt
  • ClSt, N 206 NAM SILUATICA[2] smerowyrt
  • Cp, 2130(U 98) UENERIA[3] smeoruwyrt
  • D 11, f.11v, col.1, Rosier [].M SILUATICA[4] smerowyrt
  • D 11, Junius 77, S.206 ARISTOLOCHIA smerewyrt
  • Dur, 166[5] FEBRIFUGIA smerovyrt
  • Dur, 3 ABSINUATICA[6] smeorevyrt
  • Dur, 331 UENERIA[7] smerovyrt
  • Dur, 42 ARISTOLOCHIA smerevyrt
  • Erf, 1078[8] UENERIA smeruuuyrt
  • HA, XX, 114/11 asg þe man ARISTOLOCHIAM 7 oþrum nam smerowyrt nemneþ
  • HA, XX, 114/9 nsg Smerowyrt
  • HA, XX, 14/8 nsg ARISTOLOCHIA. ƀ ys smerowyrt
  • Laud, 1499 UENERIA[9] edre UEL smerewurt
  • Laud, 153 ARISTOLOGIA smerewyrt
  • LB, 103/23 asg smeruwyrt
  • LB, 21/6 asg smeruwyrt
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Image Last Update: 25.06.2014 21:27

Aristolochia L., birthwort, a species of ~, Osterluzei, eine Art von ~
Brassica_rapa_l
Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

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Research Literature

Br: Logeman, Henri. "Zu Wright-Wülker I, 204-303." Archiv 85 (1890): 316-318.
BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Cp: Hessels, John Henry. An Eighth-Century Latin Anglo-Saxon Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1890.
Cp: Lindsay, Wallace Martin. The Corpus Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1921.
Cp: Wynn, J. B. An Edition of the Anglo-Saxon Corpus Glosses. Unpubl. Diss. Oxford: 1961.
Dur: Lindheim, B. von. Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
HA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Herbarium Apuleii Platonici." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 1. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 1-325.
Laud: Stracke, J. Richard (ed.). The Laud Herbal Glossary. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1974.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Berberich, Hugo, ed. Das Herbarium Apuleii nach einer früh-mittelenglischen Fassung. Anglistische Forschungen 5. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1966. Heidelberg: Winter, 1902.
Bierbaumer, Peter. "Zu J.V. Goughs Ausgabe einiger altenglischer Glossen." Anglia 95, 1/2 (1977): 115-121.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia and M. L. Cameron, eds.. The Old English Illustrated Pharmacopoeia: British Library Cotton Vitellius C.III. Early English Manuscripts in Faksimile 27. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1998.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
DeVriend, Hubert Jan (ed.). The 'Old English Herbarium' and 'Medicina de Quadrupedibus'. Early English Text Society. Original series 286. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Gough, J. V. (ed.). "Some Old English Glosses." Anglia 92 (1974): 273-290.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Hilbelink, A.J.G. (ed.). Cotton MS Vitellius C III of the Herbarium Apuleii. Diss. Amsterdam: 1930.
Howald, Ernestus und Henricus Sigerist (eds.). Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Bd.4. Antonii Musae de Herba Vettonica Liber. Pseudoapulei Herbarius. Anonymi de Taxone Liber. Sexti Placiti Liber Medicinae ex Animalibus etc. Leipzig: Teubner, 1927.
Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias (ed.). The Herbal of Pseudo-Apuleius. From the ninth-century manuscript in the abbey of Monte Cassino [Codex Casinen-sis 97] together with the first printed edition of Jon. Phil. de Lignamine [Editio princeps Romae 1481] both in facsimile, described and annotated by F.W.T. Hunger. Leyden: Brill, 1935.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Marzell, Heinrich. Wörterbuch der deutschen Pflanzennamen. Mit Unterstützung der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bearb. von Heinrich Marzell. Unter Mitw. von Wilhelm Wissmann. Köln: Parkland, 2000.
Meritt, Herbert Dean. "Old English Glosses, Mostly Dry Point." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 60 (1961): 441-450.
Meritt, Herbert Dean. Old English Glosses. MLA General Series.16. Repr. New York: 1971.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C iii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 6258b.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Ashmole 1431.
MS Dresden, Sächsische Landesbibliothek, Dc. 160+187+186+185.
MS Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, 1828-30.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144.
MS Durham, Cathedral, Hunter 100.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Otho E.i.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Laud Misc. 567.
Olds, Barbara M.. The Anglo-Saxon Leechbook III: A Critical Edition and Translation. Diss. Univ. of Denver. 1985.
Prior, Richard C. A.. On the Popular names of British Plants. 3rd ed. London: Norgate, 1879.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie. The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Van Arsdall, Anne. Medieval Herbal Remedies. Illustrations by Robby Poore. New York and London: Routledge, 2002.
Varnhagen, Hermann. De Glossis Nonnullis Anglicis. Erlangen: Typis Friedrich Junge, 1902.
Voss, Manfred. "Strykers Edition des alphabetischen Cleopatraglossars: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 13:2 (1988): 123-138.
Voss, Manfred. "Altenglische Glossen aus MS Brit. Library, Cotton Otho E.i." AAA 22:2 (1996): 179-203.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.). Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
[1]:

Not recorded anywhere else but the word goes with NHG "Schmerkraut", and it probably is related to L UNCTIO "anointing, das Salben".

[2]:

L. NAP SILUATICA. "NAP SILUATICA sperewyrt UEL wilde næp: AntK 111,1 (WW 135,12) belongs here too. Rusche 1996, 668: "Read NAP SILUATICA".

[3]:

Ep 1078: speruuuyrt.

[4]:

L. NAP SILUATICA. NAP SILUATICA sperewyrt UEL wilde næp: AntK 111,1 (WW 135,12) belongs here too.

[5]:

Cf. G Fieberwurz, Aristolochia clematitis L. (Marzell 2000,1,393).

[6]:

L. NAP SILUATICA.

[7]:

Ep 1078: speruuuyrt.

[8]:

Ep 1078: speruuuyrt.

[9]:

Lemma and glosses probably belong to sperewyrt; cf. Pheifer 1974, n. 1078.