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hāran-sprecel
noun,
m.,
a-decl.,
14 occ.
Type: plant
Last Update: 07.06.2011 08:57
Old-English: hara sprecel, haran spicel, haranspecel, haranspæcil, haranspeccel, haransprecel, haransveccel,
Latin (Machine generated): ECIOS, EICIOS,
↑ topMeanings Last Update: 03.11.2009 09:46
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B: plant: foreign
Echium angustifolium Mill., -, - -
A: plant: native
Echium vulgare L., viper's-bugloss, Gewöhnlicher Natternkopf
Comments Last Update: 07.06.2011 08:54
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Comment on (A): Echium vulgare L., viper's-bugloss, Gewöhnlicher Natternkopf
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Comment on (B): Echium angustifolium Mill., -, -
Biggam (1998,151-164) concludes in her meticulous plant name study that the OE name refers to E. angustifolium a plant native to Greece, Crete and Palestine. Nonetheless, an identification with E. vulgare is still possible, as this plant is the nearest substitute of the mediterranean plant available in Anglo-Saxon Britain.
Occurrences Last Update: 07.08.2009 06:58
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Image Last Update: 07.06.2011 08:57
Echium vulgare L., viper's-bugloss, Gewöhnlicher Natternkopf |
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Botanical-Information: stylised plate Source: →reference-information
Thomé, Otto Wilhelm.
Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.
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Research Literature
Br:
Logeman, Henri.
"Zu Wright-Wülker I, 204-303." Archiv 85 (1890): 316-318.
BW I:
Bierbaumer, Peter.
Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II:
Bierbaumer, Peter.
Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III:
Bierbaumer, Peter.
Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
Dur:
Lindheim, B. von.
Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
HEW:
Holthausen, Ferdinand.
Altenglisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 3., unveränd. Aufl.. Heidelberg: Winter, 1974.
LA, Lor:
Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer.
Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
LA:
Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.).
"[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB:
Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.).
"Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB:
Leonhardi, Günther.
Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br:
Wright, Thomas.
Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Biggam, Carole P..
"Grey' in Old English: an Interdisciplinary Semantic Study. London: Runetree, 1998.
Brunner, Karl.
Altenglische Grammatik. Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken Germanischer Dialekte. A: Hauptreihe. Nr. 3, 3., neubearb. Aufl.. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1965.
Deegan, Marilyn.
A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
Eckhardt, Eduard.
"Die angelsächsischen Deminutivbildungen." Englische Studien 32 (1903): 325-366.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.).
Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hankins, Freda Richards.
Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Hegi, Gustav.
Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. Mit bes. Berücks. v. Oesterreich, Deutschland u. d. Schweiz. Zum Gebrauche in d. Schulen u. zum Selbstunterricht. Bd 1-7. Wien: Pichler, 1906.
Meritt, Herbert Dean.
"Old English Glosses, Mostly Dry Point." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 60 (1961): 441-450.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, 1828-30.
MS Durham, Cathedral, Hunter 100.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Otho E.i.
Olds, Barbara M..
The Anglo-Saxon Leechbook III: A Critical Edition and Translation. Diss. Univ. of Denver. 1985.
Pettit, Edward, (ed. and trans.).
Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from British Library MS Harley 585: the 'Lacnunga'. Vol. I: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Appendices. Vol. II: Commentary and Bibliography. Mellen Critical Editions and Translations. 6A and 6B. Lewiston, Queenston and Lampeter: Mellen, 2001.
Pokorny, Julius.
Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 2 Bde., 2. Auflage. Bern u.a.: Francke, 1989.
Pollington, Stephen.
Leechcraft: Early English Charms, Plant Lore, and Healing. Hockwold-cum-Wilton: Anglo-Saxon Books, 2000.
Storms, Godfrid (ed.).
Anglo-Saxon Magic. Reprint of the 1948 ed. published by M. Nijhoff, The Hague. Norwood, Pa: Norwood Editions, 1975.
Voss, Manfred.
"Altenglische Glossen aus MS Brit. Library, Cotton Otho E.i." AAA 22:2 (1996): 179-203.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.).
Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
[1]:
Cf. ModE hoary "weiß(grau), altersgrau".
[2]:
Cf. the description of the plant in Hegi (1906,V,2194).
[3]:
Cf. Hegi (1906,V,2194).
[4]:
Cf. Sievers-Brunner (1965,§180).
[5]:
Eckhardt (1903,334).
[6]:
Cf. Junius 77,212: ECIOS haran spæcil.
[7]:
Grattan / Singer do not translate the plant name in the text; the translation in the introduction (1951,89/5) reads "harespittle".
[8]:
Cf. note to 122/20.
[9]:
The MS has harasprecel; probably it is an original nsg. (sē) hāra sprecel.
Ad hāran-: Cf. Holthausen: "hār 'grau, alt', ne. hoar, as.ahd. hēr 'hehr', ais. hār.r 'grau' [...]"; hāran- is a frozen asg. of the form ⁺sē hāra sprecel. The adjective goes back to IDG ⁺kei-ro-, ⁺koi-ro- 'dark, grey, brown; dunkel, grau, braun' (cf. Pokorny 1989,I,540f), the Germanic equivalent mostly refers to the hair-color of old people and denotes 'grey, grau' as well as 'whitely, weißlich'.[1] In the OE plant name the association with hair remains intact: it refers to the hairs on the stalk of the plant, which grow from white or black tubercles; it may also refer to the hairy leaves.[2] Cf. →hāre-wyrt, →hare hune; also cf. the G common names Alter Knecht, Fronällastengel (= 'Flanell')[3] and ModE Our Lord's flannel (Britten / Holland 1886,579). There is no connection to hara 'hare, Hase' (e.g. cf. Schmitt 1908,96).
Ad -sprecel: Holthausen: "sprecel in haran 'Natternkopf' (Pflanze), vgl. mnd. sprickel 'trockener Zweig', and. sprahhula 'Abfall', norw. sprekl 'Span'?" The correspondents listed by Holthausen go back to IDG ⁺(s)p(h)ereg-, which is a g-extension to sp(h)er 'twitch, bounce; zucken, schnellen' and 'scatter, bust, spurt; streuen, sprengen, spritzen' (cf. Pokorny 1989,I,540f). Nevertheless, -sprecel is not related to the forms meaning 'twig, Zweig', etc. but to OE specca 'spot, Fleck'. (The form without an -r- can be explained analogically to OE specan / sprecan 'speak, sprechen',[4] which has the same IDG root. Also cf. Swed. dial. spräkkel 'stain, splash, Fleck, Spritzer', spräckla 'measles, Masern', Nor. and N-Isl. sprekla, MHG spreckel 'macula, -fleck', etc. (cf. Pokorny 1989,I,996f). The relation to OE specca 'stain, Fleck' can be explained with the optical appearance of the plant: the stalk looks specked (see above); also cf. the variants haranspeccel (WW 299/6), haran-spicel (LA 122/20 and 178/19). If we, following Eckhard,[5] assume -sprecel, -speccel, -spicel as diminutiv to sp(r)ecca, the name ⁺se hāra sprecel can be translated as 'the small whitely (and hairy) stain, der kleine weißliche (und haarige) Fleck', which, pars pro toto, became the name for the plant.