Printer print
← previous
Variants - Reference - Meanings - Comments - Occurrences - Etymology - Images - Research Literature
next →
Campanula_trachelium_1924

hals-wyrt

noun, f., i-decl., 22 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 11.07.2014 07:33

Old-English: halstwyrt, halsvyrt, halswert, halswurt, halswvrt, halswyrt, healswyrt, heleswyrt,

Latin (Machine generated): AURIS LEPORIS, AURIS LEPORIS UEL AURIS FOLIA, BULBUS .I. SCILLODES UEL CEPE CANINUM, EPICOSIUM, EPICURIUM, EPICURRUM, EPIGURIUM, GAHELL, NARCISSUM, NARCISSUS, SIMFITUS ALBUS,

↑ top

Reference Last Update: 22.11.2022 07:21

Meanings Last Update: 11.07.2014 07:33

  • E: plant: native
    ? Sedum telephium L., orpine, Purpur Fetthenne
  • A: plant: native
    ? Campanula trachelium L., nettle-leaved bellflower, Nesselblättrige Glockenblume
  • B: plant: foreign Introduced during crusades? (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcissus_poeticus)
    ? Narcissus poeticus L., pheasant's eye daffodil, Dichter-Narzisse
  • C: plant: native
    ? Symphytum officinale L., common comfrey, Arznei-Beinwell
  • D: plant: native Native or introduced (Clapham 1962,511).
    ??? Bupleurum rotundifolium L., thorow-wax, Durchwachsenes Hasenohr
↑ top

Comments Last Update: 06.06.2011 10:22

  • Comment on (A): ? Campanula trachelium L., nettle-leaved bellflower, Nesselblättrige Glockenblume

    Cockayne's identification (1951,II,390); cf. G Halskraut, Nl. halskruid, Dan. halsurt, ModE throatwort, all denote C. trachelium (cf. Marzell 2000,I,773).

    Etymology: cf. Hoops (1889,18): "healswyrt, Halskraut, für die Glockenblume (Campanula trachelium L.) wegen der langen, runden, verwachsenblättrigen Blumenkrone. The plant name h(e)alswyrt might also refer to the use of a plant against diseases of the throat.

  • Comment on (B): ? Narcissus poeticus L., pheasant's eye daffodil, Dichter-Narzisse

    In the L HA, Ch. LVII, NARCISSUS denotes N. poeticus (cf. Hunger 1935,167); there L BOLBOS and BULBUS are synonymous with NARCISSUS. The L plant names BULBUS and SCILLODES go back to Dioscorides II,200 (cf. Berendes 1902,246f) and denote two kinds of onion: (a red one, and one that is similar to the squill = SCILLODES). CEPA CANINA denotes a wild species of Allium Cepa L., onion, Speisezwiebel (cf. André, s.v.).

  • Comment on (C): ? Symphytum officinale L., common comfrey, Arznei-Beinwell

    In the L HA, Ch. CXXVIII, SYMPHITUM ALBUM denotes S. officinale (cf. Hunger 1935,168).

  • Comment on (D): ??? Bupleurum rotundifolium L., thorow-wax, Durchwachsenes Hasenohr

    Cf. Förster, Nr. 210 (=WW 134/22) AURIS LEPORIS. halswyrt, Dur 51, Laud 170 and the respecive notes. For further interpretations cf. Förster 1917,133,n.5,[1] and Laud 231. But this identification is hardly tenable because AURICULA LE­PORIS (AURIS LEPORIS, AURIS FOLIA are only recorded in glosses) denotes Origanum dictamnus L., dittany of Crete, Kretischer Diptam; or Physalis alkekengi L., cape gooseberry, Judenkirsche. ModE 'hare's ear' is first recorded in 1597(cf. OED, s.v.). NHG 'Hasenohr' does not shed any light on this matter since Marzell matches NHG Hasenöhrlein (-ohr) with 30 (!) botanical plant names (2000,5, s.v.) .

    GAHELL is not clear.

  • Comment on (E): ? Sedum telephium L., orpine, Purpur Fetthenne

    Hunt (1989,106) identifys EPICURUM (as variant of EPITURIUM: ME anglice halswort) with S. telephium.

↑ top

Occurrences Last Update: 05.11.2010 10:22

  • AntFö, 133,210 AURIS LEPORIS halswyrt
  • C 28, Na 56, 393 EPIGURIUM heleswyrt
  • C 28, Na 56, 44 EPICURIUM hels[2]
  • C 36, Gough S.276 NARCISSUM halswert
  • C 71.2, Meritt 73c, 10 GAHELL halswurt
  • Dur, 156 EPICOSIUM halsvyrt
  • Dur, 247 NARCISSUS halsvyrt
  • Dur, 51 AURIS LEPORIS UEL AURIS FOLIA halsvyrt
  • HA, 158/12[3] Hals wyrt
  • HA, 158/15[4] asg þe man NARCISSUM[5] 7 oþrum naman halswyrt nemneþ
  • HA, 222/11[6] asg BULBUM þa wyrte þa man eac oþrum naman halswyrt hateþ[7]
  • HA, 240/1[8] nsg Hals wyrt[9]
  • HA, 240/3[10] asg þe man SINFITUM ALBUM 7 oþrum naman halswyrt[11] nemneþ
  • HA, 26/101[12] nsg NARCISUS ƀ is halswyrt
  • LA, 100/15[13] nasg healswyrt
  • LA, 122/9 nasg healswyrt
  • Laud, 1057 NARCISSUS halswvrt
  • Laud, 1314 SIMFITUS ALBUS halswurt
  • Laud, 170 AURIS LEPORIS halswyrt
  • Laud, 231 BULBUS .I. SCILLODES UEL CEPE CANINUM halswyrt[14]
  • Æ, (F)311,1 EPICURRUM halstwyrt
  • Æ, 311,1 EPICURIUM halswyrt
↑ top

Etymology Last Update: 11.07.2014 07:33

  • Etymology: Etymology-Comment:
  • Word-Formation:
  • Word-Formation-Comment:
↑ top

Images Last Update: 11.07.2014 07:33

? Campanula trachelium L., nettle-leaved bellflower, Nesselblättrige Glockenblume
Campanula_trachelium_1924

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Fitch, Walter Hood. Illustrations of the British Flora: London: Reeve, 1924.

? Narcissus poeticus L., pheasant's eye daffodil, Dichter-Narzisse
Narcissus_poeticus_bd1_tafel_142

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

? Symphytum officinale L., common comfrey, Arznei-Beinwell
Symphytum_officinale_bd4_tafel_022

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

??? Bupleurum rotundifolium L., thorow-wax, Durchwachsenes Hasenohr
Bupleurum_rotundifolium_bd3_tafel_051

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

? Sedum telephium L., orpine, Purpur Fetthenne
Sedum_telephium_bd3_tafel_033

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

↑ top

Research Literature

AldVNa: Napier, Arthur Sampson. Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
AntFö: Förster, Max. "Die altenglische Glossenhandschrift Plantinus 32 (Antwerpen) und Additional 32246 (London)." Anglia 41 (1917): 94-161.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
Dioscurides: Berendes, Julius, ed. Des Pedanios Dioskorides aus Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre in fünf Büchern. Übersetzt und mit Erklärungen versehen. Stuttgart: Enke, 1902.
Dur: Lindheim, B. von. Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
HA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Herbarium Apuleii Platonici." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 1. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 1-325.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
Laud: Stracke, J. Richard (ed.). The Laud Herbal Glossary. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1974.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
OED: Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. 2009. .
Berberich, Hugo, ed. Das Herbarium Apuleii nach einer früh-mittelenglischen Fassung. Anglistische Forschungen 5. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1966. Heidelberg: Winter, 1902.
Bierbaumer, Peter. "Zu J.V. Goughs Ausgabe einiger altenglischer Glossen." Anglia 95, 1/2 (1977): 115-121.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia and M. L. Cameron, eds.. The Old English Illustrated Pharmacopoeia: British Library Cotton Vitellius C.III. Early English Manuscripts in Faksimile 27. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1998.
DeVriend, Hubert Jan (ed.). The 'Old English Herbarium' and 'Medicina de Quadrupedibus'. Early English Text Society. Original series 286. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Gough, J. V. (ed.). "Some Old English Glosses." Anglia 92 (1974): 273-290.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hilbelink, A.J.G. (ed.). Cotton MS Vitellius C III of the Herbarium Apuleii. Diss. Amsterdam: 1930.
Howald, Ernestus und Henricus Sigerist (eds.). Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Bd.4. Antonii Musae de Herba Vettonica Liber. Pseudoapulei Herbarius. Anonymi de Taxone Liber. Sexti Placiti Liber Medicinae ex Animalibus etc. Leipzig: Teubner, 1927.
Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias (ed.). The Herbal of Pseudo-Apuleius. From the ninth-century manuscript in the abbey of Monte Cassino [Codex Casinen-sis 97] together with the first printed edition of Jon. Phil. de Lignamine [Editio princeps Romae 1481] both in facsimile, described and annotated by F.W.T. Hunger. Leyden: Brill, 1935.
Hunt, Tony. Plant Names of Mediaeval England. Cambridge: Brewer, 1989.
Marzell, Heinrich. Wörterbuch der deutschen Pflanzennamen. Mit Unterstützung der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bearb. von Heinrich Marzell. Unter Mitw. von Wilhelm Wissmann. Köln: Parkland, 2000.
Meritt, Herbert Dean. Old English Glosses. MLA General Series.16. Repr. New York: 1971.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C iii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 6258b.
MS Oxford, St John's College, 154.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Ashmole 1431.
MS Dresden, Sächsische Landesbibliothek, Dc. 160+187+186+185.
MS Antwerp, Plantin-Moretus Museum, 47.
MS London, British Library, Add. 32246.
MS Durham, Cathedral, Hunter 100.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Faustina A.x.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Laud Misc. 567.
Pettit, Edward, (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from British Library MS Harley 585: the 'Lacnunga'. Vol. I: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Appendices. Vol. II: Commentary and Bibliography. Mellen Critical Editions and Translations. 6A and 6B. Lewiston, Queenston and Lampeter: Mellen, 2001.
Van Arsdall, Anne. Medieval Herbal Remedies. Illustrations by Robby Poore. New York and London: Routledge, 2002.
Varnhagen, Hermann. De Glossis Nonnullis Anglicis. Erlangen: Typis Friedrich Junge, 1902.
Æ: Zupitza, Julius (ed.). Ælfrics Grammatik und Glossar. 4., unveränd. Aufl. / mit einer Einl. von Helmut Gneuss - Nachdr. der 1. Aufl., Berlin, [Weidmann], 1880. Hildesheim: Weidmann, 2003.
[1]:

The Gloss referred to by Förster GAHELL GRECE halswurt in full reads: GAHELL GRECE halswurt anglice (Varnhagen 1902,5); the (unsolved) Gk lemma therefore is GAHELL (also cf. Meritt 1961, note on 73c,10).

[2]:

N.: "R. helswyrt (for heals-)".

[3]:

Ch. LVI.

[4]:

Ch. LVI.

[5]:

Hilbelink: NARCISUM.

[6]:

Ch. CIX.

[7]:

Cont.: genim [...] LILIUM [...] 7 bulbumþa wyrte þa man eac oþrum naman halswyrt hateþ cnuca tosomne syle drincan. nim þonne bulbum þa wyrte gecnucude lege to þam slite he byþ gehæled; Hunger (1935,156): LILII BULBUM CONTERITO & IN POTU DABIS AUT IPSUM BULBUM TRITUM MORSUI APPONAS.

[8]:

Ch. CXXVIII; halswyrt missing in H.

[9]:

MS H: healswyrt.

[10]:

Ch. CXXVIII; halswyrt missing in H.

[11]:

Missing in H.

[12]:

Ch. LVI.

[13]:

First ingredient in a recipe against healsoman.

[14]:

BULBUS .I. SCILLODES halswyrt UEL CEPE CANINUM