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Allium_porrum

crop-lēac

noun, n., a-decl., 28 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 14.05.2012 18:27

Old-English: cropleac, croplec, cropleaces,

Latin (Machine generated): CIPUS, SERPULUM,

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References Last Update: 26.12.2022 16:17

Meanings Last Update: 14.05.2012 18:27

  • A: plant: introduced cf. brāde-lēac.
    ? Allium porrum L., leek, Winter-Lauch
  • C: plant: native
    ? Allium vineale L., crow garlic, Kochs Lauch
  • B: plant: foreign
    ?? Allium sativum L, garlic, Knoblauch
  • D: plant: introduced
    ?? Allium ascalonicum L., shallot, Schalotte
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Comments Last Update: 14.05.2012 18:36

  • Comment on (A): ? Allium porrum L., leek, Winter-Lauch

    The name could probably be a reference to the enormous flower umbel of the plant (cf. Hegi, II,291), which is much bigger than those of other Allium species or it's bulb, which it was harvested for: cf. Fischer-Benzon (1998,141) who describes the use of PORRUM CAPITATUM, and also the recipe in the LB 106/10 where it calls for "III heafod cropleaces". There are no recips where any other OE plant name for A. porrum and crop-lēac are listed together. Still, the identification is problematic as the plant name might have been used for several Allium species.

    Etymology: lit. 'umbel-leek, Dolden-Lauch' the name might refer to the big, ball-shaped pseudo umbel (cf. Hegi 1906,II,291).

  • Comment on (B): ?? Allium sativum L, garlic, Knoblauch

    BT and Cockayne (1961,II,397) identify this plant as A. sativum, it is also suggested by Petitt (2001,I, glossary), Banham (1990,195) as well as Hagen (1995, 35). Although the cloved bulb is possibly the most characteristic attribute of the plant this identification is the least possible because crop-lēac and →gār-lēac occur together most often (cf. LA 118/19, 118,24, and LB 11/20f; 39/17; 102/22; 105/5f; 105/13); also cf. Brennessel, Drout, Gravel (2004,187).

  • Comment on (C): ? Allium vineale L., crow garlic, Kochs Lauch

    Suggested as possibility by Pettit (2001,I,glossary), and by the DOE, s.v. There are no recipes which list any other OE plant name for A. vineale and crop-lēac together. This identification is plausible as the cloved bulb of the plant is possibly the most characteristic attribute. It still is problematic as the OE plant name might have been used for several other Allium species, too.

  • Comment on (D): ?? Allium ascalonicum L., shallot, Schalotte

    Suggested by Banham (1990,195). OE →hol-lēac and crop-lēac occur together in LA 18/19. This identification is plausible as the cloved bulb is possibly the most characteristic attribute. It still is problematic as the OE plant name might have been used for several other Allium species, too.

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Occurrences Last Update: 10.08.2009 13:51

  • ClQu, 39,9 SERPULUM cropleac
  • HlOl, C 1059 CIPUS croplec
  • LA, 118/19[1] asg cropleac
  • LA, 118/24[2] asg cropleac
  • LA, 120/2 asg cropleac
  • LA, 148/1f[3] asg cropleac
  • LB, 102/22 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 104/24 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 105/13 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 105/6 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 105/8 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 106/10 nasg cropleaces
  • LB, 106/16 nasg cropleaces
  • LB, 107/33 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 108/24 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 108/29 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 11/20 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 11/3 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 14/7 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 17/18 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 32/9 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 39/17 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 39/22 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 41/36 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 42/10 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 42/31 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 42/33 nasg cropleac
  • LB, 82/22 nasg cropleac
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Etymology Last Update: 14.05.2012 18:27

  • Etymology: Etymology-Comment:
  • Word-Formation:
  • Word-Formation-Comment:
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Images Last Update: 14.05.2012 18:27

? Allium porrum L., leek, Winter-Lauch
Allium_porrum

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Krauss, Johann Carl. Afbeeldingen der artseny-gewassen met dervelver Nederduitsche en Latynsche beschryvingen. 4. deel. Amsterdam: J. C. Sepp en Zoon, 1800.

?? Allium sativum L, garlic, Knoblauch
Allium_sativum
Ypey, Adolphus . Vervolg op de Afbeeldingen der artseny-gewassen met derzelver Nederduitsche en Latynsche beschryvingen. Eerte deel (deel 7). Amsterdam: J. C. Sepp en Zoon, 1813.

? Allium vineale L., crow garlic, Kochs Lauch
Allium_vineale_img_9656
Kops, Jan. Flora Batava. 1. Deel. Amsterdam: J. C. Sepp en Zoon, 1800.

?? Allium ascalonicum L., shallot, Schalotte
Allium_ascalonicum
Ypey, Adolphus . Vervolg op de Afbeeldingen der artseny-gewassen met derzelver Nederduitsche en Latynsche beschryvingen. Eerte deel (deel 7). Amsterdam: J. C. Sepp en Zoon, 1813.

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Research Literature

BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClQu: Quinn, John Joseph. The Minor Latin-Old English Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Diss Stanford U. 1956.
DOE: Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.). Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
Hl: Oliphant, Robert Thompson. The Harley Latin-Old English Glossary. Edited from British Museum MS Harley 3376, Janua Linguarum, Series Practica XX. The Hague: Mouton, 1966.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Banham, Debby. The Knowledge and Uses of Food Plants in Anglo-Saxon England. Diss. Cambridge University. Index to Theses. 40. Cambridge: 1990.
Brennessel, Barbara, Michael D.C. Drout, and Robyn Gravel. "A Reassessment of the Efficacy of Anglo-Saxon Medicine" ASE 34 (2004): 183-196.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
Fischer, Hermann. Mittelalterliche Pflanzenkunde. Geschichte der Wissenschaften. Geschichte der Botanik II. Nachdruck der Ausgabe 1929. München: 2001.
Fischer-Benzon, Rudolph von. Altdeutsche Gartenflora. Nachdruck der Ausgabe Kiel und Leipzig, 1894. Liechtenstein: Sändig Reprint, 1998.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hagen, Ann. A Second Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Food & Drink: Production & Distribution. First publ. 1995. Hock-wold cum Wilton, Norf.: Anglo-Saxon Books, 1995.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 3376.
Olds, Barbara M.. The Anglo-Saxon Leechbook III: A Critical Edition and Translation. Diss. Univ. of Denver. 1985.
Pettit, Edward, (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from British Library MS Harley 585: the 'Lacnunga'. Vol. I: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Appendices. Vol. II: Commentary and Bibliography. Mellen Critical Editions and Translations. 6A and 6B. Lewiston, Queenston and Lampeter: Mellen, 2001.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie. The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Storms, Godfrid (ed.). Anglo-Saxon Magic. Reprint of the 1948 ed. published by M. Nijhoff, The Hague. Norwood, Pa: Norwood Editions, 1975.
Voss, Manfred. "Quinns Edition der kleineren Cleopatraglossare: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 14:2 (1989): 127-139.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.). Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
[1]:

Cont.: cropleac, garleac 7 holleac.

[2]:

Cont.: cropleac, garleac.

[3]:

Cont.: secgleac 7 cropleac.