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Mentha_pulegium_1924

hyl-wyrt

noun, f., i-decl., 11 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 10.08.2012 13:40

Old-English: hælwyrt, hilwurt, hulwyrt, _hyllvyrt, hyluurt, hylwyrt, hyllwyrt,

Latin (Machine generated): POLEIUM, POLLEGIA, SAMUM,

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Reference Last Update: 25.11.2022 19:58

Meanings Last Update: 07.07.2011 19:22

  • B: plant: native
    ? Origanum vulgare L., marjoram, Gewöhnlicher Dost
  • A: plant: native
    ? Mentha pulegium L., pennyroyal, Poleiminze
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Comments Last Update: 10.08.2012 14:05

  • Comment on (A): ? Mentha pulegium L., pennyroyal, Poleiminze

    Identification based on synonymous plantname →dweorge-dwostle, cf. the respective glosses. The L lemma SAMUM is not clear; Stracke (n.1331) suggests a corruption of "samp-suchum, a name for Marjoram, Origanum majorana". Literally 'montain-, hill-wort'; cf. Murray (1888, s.v. hillwort). The name seems to refer to the habitat of the plant but M. pulegium prefers humid places (cf. Marzell, 2000,III,161).[1]

  • Comment on (B): ? Origanum vulgare L., marjoram, Gewöhnlicher Dost

    Could the name be a misinterpretation of L ORIGANUM?[2] An old name for this plant is PULEGIA MAIOR because it was associated with Gk όρος 'mountain, Berg'[3] Cf. Mowat (1862,35): PULEGIUM MONTANUM, an. brotherwort; in his note Mowat cites Br,WW 300,24 and explains: "hæl-wyrt or hill-wyrt represents MONTANUM, which again points to a misinterpretatian of ORIGANUM". Also cf. Genaust (2005, s.v. Origanum): "gr. ORIGANION [...] 'Dost, wilder Majoran' (Theophr.), das Fremdwort unbekannter Herkunft ist und volksetymologisch an gr. OROS 'Berg' und GANOS 'glänzend' bzw. ORIGNASTHAI, OREGESTHAI 'sich ausstrecken' angelehnt wurde."

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Occurrences Last Update: 13.08.2009 06:30

  • AntFö, 129,187 SAMUM hylwyrt
  • AntK, 119,14 POLLEGIA hylwurt
  • Br,WW, 300,24 POLLEGIA broþerwyrt, hælwyrt, dweorgesdwostle
  • C 28, Na 56, 419 POLLEGIA hylwyrt
  • D 2, Ker, Nr.9[4] POLEIUM hylwyrt
  • D 22, Liebermann S.414[5] POLLEGIA hulwyrt
  • Dur, 277 POLLEGIA hyllvyrt UEL dveorgedveosle
  • LA, 110/15 nasg hylwyrt
  • LA, 192/4 nasg hylwyrt
  • Laud, 1331 SAMUM hilwurt
  • Æ, 311,11f POLLEGIA hylwyrt oþþe dweorgedwesle
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Etymology Last Update: 10.08.2012 13:40

  • Etymology: Etymology-Comment:
  • Word-Formation:
  • Word-Formation-Comment:
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Image Last Update: 10.08.2012 13:40

? Mentha pulegium L., pennyroyal, Poleiminze
Mentha_pulegium_1924

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Fitch, Walter Hood. Illustrations of the British Flora: London: Reeve, 1924.

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Research Literature

AldVNa: Napier, Arthur Sampson. Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
AntFö: Förster, Max. "Die altenglische Glossenhandschrift Plantinus 32 (Antwerpen) und Additional 32246 (London)." Anglia 41 (1917): 94-161.
AntK: Kindschi, Lowell. The Latin-Old English Glossaries in Planton-Moretus Manuscript 43 and British Museum Manuscript Additional 32,246. Unpubl. diss. Stanford University: 1955.
Br: Logeman, Henri. "Zu Wright-Wülker I, 204-303." Archiv 85 (1890): 316-318.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
Dur: Lindheim, B. von. Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
Laud: Stracke, J. Richard (ed.). The Laud Herbal Glossary. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1974.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Genaust, Helmut. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der botanischen Pflanzennamen. 3., vollst. überarb. und erw. Auflage. Hamburg: Nikol, 2005.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Krischke, Ulrike. "On the semantics of Old English compound plant names: motivations and associations." In: Old Names – New Growth: Proceedings of the 2nd ASPNS Conference, University of Graz, Austria, 6-10 June 2007, and Related Essays. Eds. Peter Bierbaumer and Helmut W. Klug. Frankfurt/Main: Lang, 2009. 211-278.
Liebermann, Felix. "Aus Aelfrics Grammatik und Glossar." Archiv 92 (1894): 413-415.
Marzell, Heinrich. Wörterbuch der deutschen Pflanzennamen. Mit Unterstützung der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bearb. von Heinrich Marzell. Unter Mitw. von Wilhelm Wissmann. Köln: Parkland, 2000.
Mowat, John Lancaster Gough (ed.). Sinonoma Bartholomei. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series 1.1. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1882.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS Oxford, St John's College, 154.
MS Antwerp, Plantin-Moretus Museum, 47.
MS London, British Library, Add. 32246.
MS Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, 1828-30.
MS Durham, Cathedral, Hunter 100.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Barlow 35.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Laud Misc. 567.
Pettit, Edward, (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from British Library MS Harley 585: the 'Lacnunga'. Vol. I: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Appendices. Vol. II: Commentary and Bibliography. Mellen Critical Editions and Translations. 6A and 6B. Lewiston, Queenston and Lampeter: Mellen, 2001.
Storms, Godfrid (ed.). Anglo-Saxon Magic. Reprint of the 1948 ed. published by M. Nijhoff, The Hague. Norwood, Pa: Norwood Editions, 1975.
[1]:

Cockayne (1962,ii,392) suggests other mint species like Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi, lesser calamint, Kleinblütige Bergminze, or Nepeta cataria L., cat-mint, Gewöhnliche Katzenminze which all share the old name CALAMINTA MONTANA (cf. Marzell 2000,I,712 and 309).

[2]:

On the relationship between M. pulegium and O. vulgare cf. s.v. dweorgedwosle.

[3]:

Cf. CGL 3,386,50 Ορινη MONTANA, MONTUOSA. Marz. (2000,3,454) explains the G names Bergmintz, Dan. bjergmynte, Nor. bergmynte, which all denote O. vulgare with Gk όρος "mountain, Berg".

[4]:

Ker: "The last leaf, f. 109, contains the scribbled name ælfmær and a Latin recipe, added in s.xi, in which hylwyrt glosses POLEIUM".

[5]:

= Æ311,12.