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elehtre

noun, f., n-decl., 62 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 21.03.2013 21:58

Old-English: ealehtre, ealhtre, electre, elechtre, eleotre, elothr, elotr, elehtre, eluhtre, lehtre, elehtran, elechtran, ealhtran, ealehtran, _ eolectran_, eluhtran,

Latin (Machine generated): ELECTIRUM, ELECTRUM, ELEOTRUM, MALITERRE, MALUM TERRE, MAURA, WALUPIA,

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Meanings Last Update: 21.03.2013 21:55

  • A: plant: foreign Native to the Mediterranean, cultivated as crop there (esp. Lupinus albus L.) Probably not introduced to W-EU before the 16th cent. Some information: http://www.genres.de/leguminosen/.
    ? Lupinus L., lupin, a species of ~, Lupine, eine Art von ~
  • B: plant: foreign Native to the Mediterranean and North Africa.
    ? Ecballium elaterium (L.) A.Rich., squirting cucumber, Spritzgurke
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Comments Last Update: 21.03.2013 21:56

  • Comment on (A): ? Lupinus L., lupin, a species of ~, Lupine, eine Art von ~

    Probably L. luteus L., yellow lupine, Gelbe Lupine (cf. the colour of ELECTRUM, 'amber, Bernstein'). The L name MALUM TERRAE (cf. André, s.v.) of Dur 229 does not match lupine, neither does →galluc. MAURA denotes Scrophularia nodosa L., common figwort, Knotige Braunwurz[1] or Sedum telephium L., stonecrop, Purpur-Fetthenne; in NHG the latter shares various names like Wilde Bohnen, Gewandt Bonen ('FABA INVERSA'), Wolffsbohnen, etc. with the lupine (cf. Marzell 2000,4,236). WALUPIA is not clear: Lindheim (n. to 328) suggests "vielleicht ent­stellt aus (HER)BA LUPINA?)"; in my opinion it is a corrupted FABA LUPINA (= another old name of Lupinus L; cf. Marzell 2000,2,1421); or it is an erroneous FALUPPA, which is recorded in CGL 6,428 (s.v. FABALIA) besides FABALIA (= 'PURGAMENTA FABAE'): FABALIA could have been confused with FABARIA, which is an old name for S. telephium (cf. Dief., s.v.).

    Hankins (1992,226) suggests Lupinus albus, probably following de Vriend.

  • Comment on (B): ? Ecballium elaterium (L.) A.Rich., squirting cucumber, Spritzgurke

    D'Aronco (2012) very strongly doubts the identification with Lupinus L. and convincingly suggests the OE word is a product of a series of errors and emendations (2012,205-207) originally related to L ELATERIUM, the anesthetic sap of Ecballium elaterium (L.) A.Rich.[2], squirting cucumber, Spritzgurke.

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Occurrences Last Update: 05.09.2009 10:57

  • AntFö, 136,219 ELECTRUM elehtre
  • Br,WW, 298,8 MALITERRE elehtre
  • C 28, Na 56, 382 ELECTRUM electre
  • ClSt, M 315 MAURA elehtre
  • Cp, 754(E 116) ELECTRUM elotr
  • Dur, 147 ELEOTRUM eleotre
  • Dur, 229 MALUM TERRE galluc UEL elechtre
  • Dur, 328 WALUPIA electre
  • Erf, 386 ELECTIRUM elothr
  • HA, 148/22[3] asg elehtran
  • HA, 218/3[4] asg elehtran
  • LA, 110/16 asg ealhtran
  • LA, 118/25 nsg ealhtre[5]
  • LA, 122/19 nsg ealhtre
  • LA, 150/1 nsg ealhtre
  • LA, 158/7 asg elehtran
  • LA, 160/12 asg elehtran
  • LA, 178/12 nsg elehtre
  • LA, 178/18 asg elehtran
  • LA, 178/9 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 101/36 asg elehtran
  • LB, 102/13 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 102/8 asg elehtran
  • LB, 104/23f asg elehtran
  • LB, 105/12 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 105/21 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 107/20 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 107/30 asg elehtran
  • LB, 107/33[6] nsg elehtre
  • LB, 107/6 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 108/23 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 108/28 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 23/17 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 24/37 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 25/17 asg elehtran
  • LB, 32/37 asg eluhtran
  • LB, 34/2 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 40/39 asg elehtran
  • LB, 41/13 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 41/35 nsg eluhtre
  • LB, 42/10 nsg eluhtre
  • LB, 42/15 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 42/2 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 42/25 asg elehtran
  • LB, 42/30 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 42/32 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 42/34 asg elehtran
  • LB, 43/13 asg elehtran
  • LB, 43/15 asg elehtran
  • LB, 43/17 asg elehtran
  • LB, 43/20 asg elehtran
  • LB, 43/25 asg elehtran
  • LB, 72/13 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 82/21 asg ealehtran
  • LB, 82/24 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 83/2 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 90/12 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 97/15 nsg elehtre
  • LB, 98/10 nsg elehtre
  • Æ, (C) 310,11 ELECTRUM lehtre
  • Æ, (J) 310,11f ELECTRUM electre
  • Æ, 310,11f ELECTRUM elehtre
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Etymology Last Update: 21.03.2013 21:58

  • Etymology: Etymology-Comment:

    According to Förster (1917,136) related to L ELECTRUM (amber, Bernstein) because of its yellow flowers. According to D'Aronco (2012,210) L ELEATERIUM.

  • Word-Formation:
  • Word-Formation-Comment:
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Research Literature

AldVNa: Napier, Arthur Sampson. Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
AntFö: Förster, Max. "Die altenglische Glossenhandschrift Plantinus 32 (Antwerpen) und Additional 32246 (London)." Anglia 41 (1917): 94-161.
Br: Logeman, Henri. "Zu Wright-Wülker I, 204-303." Archiv 85 (1890): 316-318.
BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Cp: Hessels, John Henry. An Eighth-Century Latin Anglo-Saxon Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1890.
Cp: Lindsay, Wallace Martin. The Corpus Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1921.
Cp: Wynn, J. B. An Edition of the Anglo-Saxon Corpus Glosses. Unpubl. Diss. Oxford: 1961.
DOE: Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.). Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
Dur: Lindheim, B. von. Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
Ep, Erf: Pheifer, J.D. (ed.). Old English Glosses in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.
HA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Herbarium Apuleii Platonici." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 1. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 1-325.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Berberich, Hugo, ed. Das Herbarium Apuleii nach einer früh-mittelenglischen Fassung. Anglistische Forschungen 5. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1966. Heidelberg: Winter, 1902.
Bischoff, Bernard, et al. (eds.).. The Épinal, Erfurt, Werden and Corpus Glossaries. Early English manuscripts in facsimile 22. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1988.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia and M. L. Cameron, eds.. The Old English Illustrated Pharmacopoeia: British Library Cotton Vitellius C.III. Early English Manuscripts in Faksimile 27. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1998.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia. A problematic Plant name: elehtre. A reconsideration. In: Herbs and Healers from the Ancient Mediterranean through Medieval West. Essays in Honor of John M. Riddle. Ed. by Anne Van Arsdall; Timothy Graham. Burlington: Ashgate, 2012. 187-216.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
Dendle, Peter. Lupines, Manganese, and Devil-Sickness: An Anglo-Saxon Medical Response to Epilepsy Bulletin of the History of Medicine 75 (2001): 91-101.
DeVriend, Hubert Jan (ed.). The 'Old English Herbarium' and 'Medicina de Quadrupedibus'. Early English Text Society. Original series 286. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Hilbelink, A.J.G. (ed.). Cotton MS Vitellius C III of the Herbarium Apuleii. Diss. Amsterdam: 1930.
Howald, Ernestus und Henricus Sigerist (eds.). Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Bd.4. Antonii Musae de Herba Vettonica Liber. Pseudoapulei Herbarius. Anonymi de Taxone Liber. Sexti Placiti Liber Medicinae ex Animalibus etc. Leipzig: Teubner, 1927.
Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias (ed.). The Herbal of Pseudo-Apuleius. From the ninth-century manuscript in the abbey of Monte Cassino [Codex Casinen-sis 97] together with the first printed edition of Jon. Phil. de Lignamine [Editio princeps Romae 1481] both in facsimile, described and annotated by F.W.T. Hunger. Leyden: Brill, 1935.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Lindsay, Wallace Martin. Corpus, Épinal, Erfurt and Leyden Glossaries. Publications of the Philological Society VIII. London: Oxford University Press, 1921.
Marzell, Heinrich. Wörterbuch der deutschen Pflanzennamen. Mit Unterstützung der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bearb. von Heinrich Marzell. Unter Mitw. von Wilhelm Wissmann. Köln: Parkland, 2000.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 585.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C iii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 6258b.
MS Oxford, St John's College, 154.
MS Antwerp, Plantin-Moretus Museum, 47.
MS London, British Library, Add. 32246.
MS Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, 1828-30.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144.
MS Durham, Cathedral, Hunter 100.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS Erfurt, Wissenschaftliche Allgemeinbibliothek, Amplonianus F.42.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 449.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Julius A.II.
Olds, Barbara M.. The Anglo-Saxon Leechbook III: A Critical Edition and Translation. Diss. Univ. of Denver. 1985.
Pettit, Edward, (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Remedies, Charms and Prayers from British Library MS Harley 585: the 'Lacnunga'. Vol. I: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Appendices. Vol. II: Commentary and Bibliography. Mellen Critical Editions and Translations. 6A and 6B. Lewiston, Queenston and Lampeter: Mellen, 2001.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie. The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Sauer, Hans. Patterns of loan-influence on the Medieval English plant names, with special reference to the influence of Greek. In: Foreign Influences on Medieval English, Eds. Jacek Fisiak, and Magdalana Bator. Studies in English medieval language and literature. 28. Frankfurt/Main: Lang, 2011. 55-76.
Stokes, Whitley. "A List of Welsh Plant Names'. Archiv für celtische Lexikographie 1 (1900): 37-49.
Storms, Godfrid (ed.). Anglo-Saxon Magic. Reprint of the 1948 ed. published by M. Nijhoff, The Hague. Norwood, Pa: Norwood Editions, 1975.
Van Arsdall, Anne. Medieval Herbal Remedies. Illustrations by Robby Poore. New York and London: Routledge, 2002.
Voss, Manfred. "Strykers Edition des alphabetischen Cleopatraglossars: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 13:2 (1988): 123-138.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.). Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
Æ: Zupitza, Julius (ed.). Ælfrics Grammatik und Glossar. 4., unveränd. Aufl. / mit einer Einl. von Helmut Gneuss - Nachdr. der 1. Aufl., Berlin, [Weidmann], 1880. Hildesheim: Weidmann, 2003.
[1]:

Old name: FICARIA (cf. André, s.v.); probably glossing elehtre because of an association with FICUS LUPI, an old name for Lupinus L.

[2]:

D"Aronco (2012,205) has Ecballus [!] elaterium Rich. [!].

[3]:

Ch. XLVI; Hunger (1935,141): LUPINORUM.

[4]:

Ch. CII; Hilbelink: elechtran; elehtran BH; Hunger (1935,155): LUPINORUM.

[5]:

Not recorded in BT(SC).

[6]:

MS eletre.