Printer print
← previous
Variants - Meanings - Comments - Occurrences - Etymology - Images - Research Literature
next →
Nasturtium_officinale_bd2_tafel_116

billere

noun, nm., , 7 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 19.04.2011 14:12

Old-English: bilherge, billere, bilre, bilhergas,

Latin (Machine generated): BIBULTA, BIBULTUM, BIBUTA, BIPULTA,

↑ top

Meanings Last Update: 19.04.2011 14:00

  • A: plant: native
    Sium angustifolium L., narrow leaved water-parsnip, Schmaler Merk
  • A: plant: native
    Nasturtium officinale R.Br., watercress, Brunnenkresse
↑ top

Comments Last Update: 16.11.2011 09:51

  • Comment on (A): Nasturtium officinale R.Br., watercress, Brunnenkresse

    In the class-glossary DE HERBIS TERRAE in ClQu the gloss BIBULTA billere follows SEU BRITIA willecerse (ClQu 40,18). The logical translation of SEU is 'or, oder' (cf. →wylle-cærse), therefore Schlutter suggests: "Mich dünkt die wortfolge ist gestört und es hat ursprüng­lich gelautet BIBULTA SEU BRITIA [darüber] billere willecærse. Dafür spricht, daß auch im Corpusglossar BRITIA auf BIBULTA folgt."

    →wylle-cærse, literally 'well-cress, Brunnenkresse', also denotes Trigonella foenum graecum L., fenugreek, Bockshornklee, a meaning we can rule out for billere:

    (1) ModE 'bilders' (cf. OED, s.v.; first recorded 1425) denotes a plant with a wet habitat, for example N. officinalis. Also cf. MED, s.v. billere: "One of several waterplants used medicinally".

    (2) Billere seems to stem from MIr biror, bilor 'cress, Kresse', cf. Schlut­er (1910,139) and HEW, s.v. The suggestion "OE billere from L BERULA" provided by the MED is not tenable because late L BERULA itself is a loan word (with dissimilation) from Gaulish *berura 'cress, Kresse' which again resulted in the MIr forms (cf. Genaust 2005, s.v. BERULA).

    The L lemmata are not clear.

  • Comment on (A): Sium angustifolium L., narrow leaved water-parsnip, Schmaler Merk

    The obviously related NHG plant names Beekbille, Beekbilder, Bildreck, Billreck, Billret denote Berula angustifolia (cf. Marzell 2000,1,581) or N. officinale (cf. Marzell 2000,3,305) which are similar in habitat (and habitus).

↑ top

Occurrences Last Update: 29.04.2009 09:38

  • ClQu, 40,19 BIBULTA billere
  • ClSt, B 77 BIBULTA billere
  • Cp, 315(B 141) BIBULTA billeru
  • D 20, Meritt 69, 6 BIBULTA billere
  • D 25, f.145r, col.2/5 BIPULTA bilre
  • HlOl, B 180 BIBULTUM bilhergas[1]
  • Laud, 203 BIBUTA billere
↑ top

Images Last Update: 19.04.2011 14:12

Nasturtium officinale R.Br., watercress, Brunnenkresse
Nasturtium_officinale_bd2_tafel_116

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

Sium angustifolium L., narrow leaved water-parsnip, Schmaler Merk
Berula_erecta_bd3_tafel_057
Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

↑ top

Research Literature

BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClQu: Quinn, John Joseph. The Minor Latin-Old English Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Diss Stanford U. 1956.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Cp: Hessels, John Henry. An Eighth-Century Latin Anglo-Saxon Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1890.
Cp: Lindsay, Wallace Martin. The Corpus Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1921.
Cp: Wynn, J. B. An Edition of the Anglo-Saxon Corpus Glosses. Unpubl. Diss. Oxford: 1961.
DOE: Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.). Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
Hl: Oliphant, Robert Thompson. The Harley Latin-Old English Glossary. Edited from British Museum MS Harley 3376, Janua Linguarum, Series Practica XX. The Hague: Mouton, 1966.
Laud: Stracke, J. Richard (ed.). The Laud Herbal Glossary. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1974.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Meritt, Herbert Dean. Old English Glosses. MLA General Series.16. Repr. New York: 1971.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS London, British Library, Harley 3376.
MS London, British Library, Royal 7 D.ii.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Bodley 730.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Laud Misc. 567.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie. The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Voss, Manfred. "Strykers Edition des alphabetischen Cleopatraglossars: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 13:2 (1988): 123-138.
Voss, Manfred. "Quinns Edition der kleineren Cleopatraglossare: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 14:2 (1989): 127-139.
[1]:

Oliphant provides a not convincing attempt on explaining -hergas in his note.