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Hypochaeris_glabra_img_9479

sigel-hweorfa

noun, m., n-decl., 24 occ.

Type: plant

Last Update: 11.10.2011 08:46

Old-English: sigelhweorfe (f.), sielwheorfa, sigelhveorfa, sigelhveorua, sigelhverpha, sigelhwerþe, sigelwearfa, sigilhwerue, sigilwheorfa,

Latin (Machine generated): ELEOTROPAM GRECE, LATINE SOLSEQUIUM, IDEM, ELEUTROPĀ GRECE. LATINE SOLSEQUIUM IDEM, ELIOTROPHUS, ELIOTROPI, ELIOTROPIA, ELIOTROPIAE, ELIOTROPIUS .I., ELIOTROPUS, NIMPHEA, SOLSEQUIA, SOLSEQUIUM ł HELIOTROPIUM, ÆLIOTROPHUS,

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Meanings Last Update: 20.09.2010 13:39

  • D: plant: native
    Hypochaeris glabra L., smooth cat's-ear, Kahles Ferkelkraut
  • A: plant: foreign
    ? Calendula officinalis L., pot marigold, Garten-Ringelblume
  • B: plant: native "Probably native." Cf. Clapham (1962,880).
    ? Cichorium intybus L., chicory, Gewöhnliche Wegwarte
  • C: plant: native
    ? Taraxacum officinale Weber, common dandelion, Gewöhnlicher Löwenzahn
  • E: plant: foreign
    ?? Heliotropium europaeum L., caterpillar weed, Europäische Sonnenwende
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Comments Last Update: 22.08.2011 09:09

  • Comment on (A): ? Calendula officinalis L., pot marigold, Garten-Ringelblume

    In the glosses (e.g. WW 133/26, and Dur, Nr. 309, etc.) and in HA ch. L (C. I, 152) sigelhweorfa translates L HELIOTROPIUM (Gk ήλιοτρόπιον) and L SOLSEQUIUM, which in mediaeval times are associated with different plants but chiefly denote Calendula officinalis L., Cichorium intybus L. (cf. Förster 1917,128) and Taraxacum officinale Weber (cf. Marzell 2000,I,719). Erhardt-Siebold (1937,22-46) refers to Aldhelm's riddle No. 51, where ELIOTROPUS is depicted as plant with shiny yellow flowers: "Among the native Flora of the British Isles a yellow Composita [!] would seem to answer this description in a most perfect manner. The Anglo-Saxon gloss goldwyrt [= Calendula officinalis L.] to Aldhelm's enigma in the Codex Britannicus Regius 12 CXXIII (early 11. cent.) would seem to express this appreciation." (1938,32)

    NIMPHEA does not go with sigelhweorfa.

  • Comment on (B): ? Cichorium intybus L., chicory, Gewöhnliche Wegwarte

    In the glosses (e.g. WW 133/26, and Dur, Nr. 309, etc.) and in HA ch. L (C. I, 152) sigelhweorfa translates L HELIOTROPIUM (Gk ήλιοτρόπιον) and L SOLSEQUIUM, which in mediaeval times are associated with different plants but chiefly denote Calendula officinalis L., Cichorium intybus L. (cf. Förster 1917,128) and Taraxacum officinale Weber (cf. Marzell 2000,I,719).

    The choice of this meaning is supported by Is. 17,9,37: HELIOTROPIUM = SOLSEQUIA = INTUBUS SILUATICUS.

  • Comment on (C): ? Taraxacum officinale Weber, common dandelion, Gewöhnlicher Löwenzahn

    In the glosses (e.g. WW 133/26, and Dur, Nr. 309, etc.) and in HA ch. L (C. I, 152) sigelhweorfa translates L HELIOTROPIUM (Gk ήλιοτρόπιον) and L SOLSEQUIUM, which in mediaeval times are associated with different plants but chiefly denote Calendula officinalis L., Cichorium intybus L. (cf. Förster 1917,128) and Taraxacum officinale Weber (cf. Marzell 2000,I,719)

  • Comment on (D): Hypochaeris glabra L., smooth cat's-ear, Kahles Ferkelkraut

    According to Hunger (1935,167) ch. L in the L HA describes Hypochoeris glabra L., which is similar to Taraxacum officinale Web. (cf. Marzell 2000,II,962). Therefore Cockayne's (and Stracke's, n. 542[1]) interpretation Achillea tomentosa L., Yellow Milfoil, can be ruled out.

  • Comment on (E): ?? Heliotropium europaeum L., caterpillar weed, Europäische Sonnenwende

    The OE name most likely is a loan-translation of SOLSEQUIUM or HELIOTROPIUM. The respective chapter of the HA (Howald / Sigerist 49; cf. Andre, s. vv. HELIOTROPIUM and UERTUMNUM) describes Heliotropium europaeum L. which supports our theory. The source of HA CXXXVII is Dioscorides IV, 193 (cf. Berendes 1902,474f): the 'big heliotropion' described here most likely is Heliotropium europaeum L. (cf. Berendes 1902,475). We can assume that this south-east European plant was not known to the writer of HA and so sigilhweorfa was chosen only because of L ELIOTROPUS.

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Occurrences Last Update: 18.10.2010 13:24

  • AntFö, 128,183 SOLSEQUIUM ł HELIOTROPIUM solsece ł sigelhwerþe
  • Br,WW, 298,26 ELIOTROPUS sigelhweorfa
  • Br,WW, 301,10 ELIOTROPUS sigelhweorfa
  • C 36, Gough S.276 ELIOTROPIAE sigilhwerue
  • ClSt, E 240 ELEOTROPAM GRECE, LATINE SOLSEQUIUM, IDEM sigelhweorfe
  • D 11, f.5v, Rosier ELEUTROPĀ GRECE. LATINE SOLSEQUIUM IDEM sigelhweorfe
  • D 11, Meritt 1961, X/31 ELIOTROPI sigelhweo...[2]
  • Dur, 150 ELIOTROPHUS sigelhveorfa
  • Dur, 153 ELIOTROPIA sigelhverpha
  • Dur, 251 NIMPHEA colloncroh UEL sigelhveorua
  • Dur, 309 SOLSEQUIA sigelhveorua
  • HA, 152/19[3] nsg Sigelwearfa
  • HA, 152/21[4] asg be þe grecas HELIOTROPHUS[5] 7 romane UERTAMNUM nemnaþ 7 eac angle sigelhweorfa hataþ
  • HA, 24/16[6] nsg ÆLIOTROPHUS ƀ is sigelhweorfa
  • HA, 254/11[7] asg þe man ELIOTROPUS 7 oþrum naman sigilhweorfa nemneþ
  • HA, 254/9[8] nsg Sigilhweorfa[9]
  • HA, 52/4[10] nsg ELIOTROPUS ƀ is sigilhweorfa[11]
  • LA, 122/16 nsg sigelhweorfa
  • Laud, 542 ELIOTROPIUS .I. sielwheorfa .I. UERTAMNUM
  • LB, 100/1 asg sigelhweorfan
  • LB, 100/5 asg sigelhweorfan
  • LB, 29/40 nsg sigelhweorfa
  • LB, 33/30 asg sigelhweorfan þa smalan unwæscene
  • LB, 96/6 asg sigelhweorfan
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Etymology Last Update: 11.10.2011 08:46

  • Etymology: loan-translation Etymology-Comment:

    loan translation of L solsequium < Gk heliotropion.

  • Word-Formation: noun/noun
  • Word-Formation-Comment: noun+deverbal noun: sigel 'sun' + hweorfe from hweorfan 'to turn'
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External Reference Last Update: 27.05.2007 13:09

Images Last Update: 11.10.2011 08:46

? Calendula officinalis L., pot marigold, Garten-Ringelblume
Calendula_officinalis_tafel_128

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

? Cichorium intybus L., chicory, Gewöhnliche Wegwarte
Cichorium_intybus_tafel_142

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

? Taraxacum officinale Weber, common dandelion, Gewöhnlicher Löwenzahn
Taraxacum_officinale_tafel_146

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Thomé, Otto Wilhelm. Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.

Hypochaeris glabra L., smooth cat's-ear, Kahles Ferkelkraut
Hypochaeris_glabra_img_9479

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Kops, Jan, and Hermann Christiaan van Hall. Flora Batava of Afbeelding en Beschrijving van Nederlandsche Gewassen 8. Deel. Amsterdam: J. C. Sepp en Zoon, 1844.

?? Heliotropium europaeum L., caterpillar weed, Europäische Sonnenwende
Heliotropum_europaeum

Botanical-Information: stylised plate

Source: →reference-information

Gilg, Ernst, and Karl Schumann. Das Pflanzenreich Hausschatz des Wissens. Neudamm: Neumann, 1900.

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Research Literature

AntFö: Förster, Max. "Die altenglische Glossenhandschrift Plantinus 32 (Antwerpen) und Additional 32246 (London)." Anglia 41 (1917): 94-161.
Br: Logeman, Henri. "Zu Wright-Wülker I, 204-303." Archiv 85 (1890): 316-318.
BW I: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW II: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 2. Bern, Frankfurt am Main, München: Lang, 1976.
BW III: Bierbaumer, Peter. Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClSt: Stryker, William Garlington. The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Dioscurides: Berendes, Julius, ed. Des Pedanios Dioskorides aus Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre in fünf Büchern. Übersetzt und mit Erklärungen versehen. Stuttgart: Enke, 1902.
Dur: Lindheim, B. von. Das Durhamer Pflanzenglossar. Beiträge zur englischen Philologie. 35. Bochum-Langendreer: Pöppinghaus, 1941.
HA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Herbarium Apuleii Platonici." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 1. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 1-325.
Is: Isidorus Hispalensis. Isidori Hispalensis Episcopi Etymologiarum sive Originum Libri XX. Recogn. brevique adnot. crit. instruxit W. M. Lindsay. 1: Libros I - X continens. 2: Libros XI - XX continens. repr. 1911. (Scriptorum classicorum bibliotheca Oxoniensis) Oxonii: Typogr. Clarendoniano, 1966.
LA, Lor: Grattan, John Henry Grafton, and Charles Singer. Anglo-Saxon Magic and Medicine. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1952.
Laud: Stracke, J. Richard (ed.). The Laud Herbal Glossary. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1974.
LA: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "[Lacnunga] Recipies." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 3. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Holland Press, 1961. 2-81.
LB: Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.). "Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB: Leonhardi, Günther. Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br: Wright, Thomas. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Berberich, Hugo, ed. Das Herbarium Apuleii nach einer früh-mittelenglischen Fassung. Anglistische Forschungen 5. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1966. Heidelberg: Winter, 1902.
Bierbaumer, Peter. "Zu J.V. Goughs Ausgabe einiger altenglischer Glossen." Anglia 95, 1/2 (1977): 115-121.
D'Aronco, Maria Amalia and M. L. Cameron, eds.. The Old English Illustrated Pharmacopoeia: British Library Cotton Vitellius C.III. Early English Manuscripts in Faksimile 27. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1998.
Deegan, Marilyn. A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
DeVriend, Hubert Jan (ed.). The 'Old English Herbarium' and 'Medicina de Quadrupedibus'. Early English Text Society. Original series 286. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Erhardt-Siebold, Erika von. "Die lateinischen Rätsel der Angelsachsen." Anglistische Forschungen 61 Heidelberg: Winter, 1925.
Erhardt-Siebold, Erika von. "The Heliotrope Tradition." Osiris 3 (1938): 22-46.
Gough, J. V. (ed.). "Some Old English Glosses." Anglia 92 (1974): 273-290.
Grein, Christian-Wilhelm-Michael (ed.). Bibliothek der angelsächsischen Poesie. Göttingen: Wigand, 1864.
Hankins, Freda Richards. Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Hilbelink, A.J.G. (ed.). Cotton MS Vitellius C III of the Herbarium Apuleii. Diss. Amsterdam: 1930.
Howald, Ernestus und Henricus Sigerist (eds.). Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Bd.4. Antonii Musae de Herba Vettonica Liber. Pseudoapulei Herbarius. Anonymi de Taxone Liber. Sexti Placiti Liber Medicinae ex Animalibus etc. Leipzig: Teubner, 1927.
Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias (ed.). The Herbal of Pseudo-Apuleius. From the ninth-century manuscript in the abbey of Monte Cassino [Codex Casinen-sis 97] together with the first printed edition of Jon. Phil. de Lignamine [Editio princeps Romae 1481] both in facsimile, described and annotated by F.W.T. Hunger. Leyden: Brill, 1935.
Krischke, Ulrike. "On the semantics of Old English compound plant names: motivations and associations." In: Old Names – New Growth: Proceedings of the 2nd ASPNS Conference, University of Graz, Austria, 6-10 June 2007, and Related Essays. Eds. Peter Bierbaumer and Helmut W. Klug. Frankfurt/Main: Lang, 2009. 211-278.
Lendinara, Patrizia. "The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Marzell, Heinrich. Wörterbuch der deutschen Pflanzennamen. Mit Unterstützung der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bearb. von Heinrich Marzell. Unter Mitw. von Wilhelm Wissmann. Köln: Parkland, 2000.
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[1]:

Laud 542: ELIOTROPIUS .I. sielwheorfa .I. UERTAMNUM.

[2]:

N.: "Read sigelhweorfe."

[3]:

Ch. L; sielhweorfa B, a later hand; sigelhweorfa H.

[4]:

C. I, 52, A. 4: "V. omits two words."

[5]:

Hilbelink: ÆLIOTROPHUS

[6]:

Ch. L.

[7]:

Ch. CXXXVII; cont.: heo hafaþ leaf neah swylce mistel þa beoþ ruge 7 brade 7 heo hafaþ sædsinewealt 7 ƀ byþ þreora cynna bleos.

[8]:

C. I, 254, A. 17: "See article L. hwerwa, V. The former half of the word is gone."

[9]:

C. I, 254, A. 17: "See article L. hwerwa, V. The former half of the word is gone."

[10]:

Ch. CXXXVII.

[11]:

C. I, 52, A. 4: "V. omits two words."