print
byrc
noun,
f.,
n-decl.,
22 occ.
Type: plant
Last Update: 21.04.2011 18:37
Old-English: berc (f. o-decl.), birce, birch, birciae, byrce, byric, byrc-, birc,
Latin (Machine generated): BETA, BETUICUS, BETULUS, BITULUS, POPULUS,
↑ topReferences Last Update: 19.10.2022 00:56
Meaning Last Update: 21.04.2011 18:34
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A: plant: native Several native species.
Betula L., birch, a species of ~, Birke, eine Art von ~
Comment Last Update: 22.03.2012 08:41
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Comment on (A): Betula L., birch, a species of ~, Birke, eine Art von ~
Occurrences Last Update: 29.04.2009 09:43
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Images Last Update: 21.04.2011 18:37
Betula L., birch, a species of ~, Birke, eine Art von ~ |
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Botanical-Information: stylised plate
Fitch, Walter Hood.
Illustrations of the British Flora: London: Reeve, 1924.
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Betula L., birch, a species of ~, Birke, eine Art von ~ |
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Botanical-Information: stylised plate
Gräbner, Paul.
Taschenbuch zum Pflanzenbestimmen. Stuttgart: Kosmos, Gesellschaft der Naturfreunde. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung., 1918.
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Betula L., birch, a species of ~, Birke, eine Art von ~ |
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Botanical-Information: stylised plate
Thomé, Otto Wilhelm.
Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. In 4 Mappen ; 531 Tafeln in naturgetreuen Farben mit 668 Pflanzenarten. Leipzip: Teubner, 1938.
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Research Literature
AldVNa:
Napier, Arthur Sampson.
Old English Glosses. Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series. 11. Reprint of Oxford, Clarendon Press 1900. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969.
AntK:
Kindschi, Lowell.
The Latin-Old English Glossaries in Planton-Moretus Manuscript 43 and British Museum Manuscript Additional 32,246. Unpubl. diss. Stanford University: 1955.
BW I:
Bierbaumer, Peter.
Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 1. Bern, Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1975.
BW III:
Bierbaumer, Peter.
Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen. Grazer Beiträge zur Englischen Philologie 3. Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Las Vegas: Lang, 1979.
ClQu:
Quinn, John Joseph.
The Minor Latin-Old English Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Diss Stanford U. 1956.
ClSt:
Stryker, William Garlington.
The Latin-Old English Glossary in MS Cotton Cleopatra A III. Unpubl. diss. Stanford Univ.: 1952.
Cp:
Hessels, John Henry.
An Eighth-Century Latin Anglo-Saxon Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1890.
Cp:
Lindsay, Wallace Martin.
The Corpus Glossary. Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1921.
Cp:
Wynn, J. B.
An Edition of the Anglo-Saxon Corpus Glosses. Unpubl. Diss. Oxford: 1961.
DOE:
Cameron, Angus, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette di Paolo Healey, et al. (eds.).
Dictionary of Old English (A to G). CD-Rom. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies for the Dictionary of Old English Project, 2008.
Ep, Erf:
Pheifer, J.D. (ed.).
Old English Glosses in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.
Ep:
Brown, Alan Kelsey.
The Epinal Glossary edited with Critical Commentary of the Vocabulary. Vol. I: Edition. Vol. II: Commentary. Diss., Stanford University. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1969.
LB:
Cockayne, Oswald Thomas (ed.).
"Leech Book." In: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part never before Printed, Illustrating the History of Sience in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vol. 2. Rev. Ed. by Charles Singer. London: Longman [et. al.], 1961. 1-360.
LB:
Leonhardi, Günther.
Kleinere angelsächsische Denkmäler I. Bibliothek der ags. Prosa VI. Hamburg: Grand, 1905.
WW, Prosp, Br:
Wright, Thomas.
Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2nd ed. by Richard Paul Wülcker. Reprint of the 1884 ed. published by Trübner, London. Vol. 1: Vocabularies. Vol. 2: Indices. New York: Gordon, 1976.
Biggam, Carole P..
"The _aespe_ Tree in Anglo Saxon England." In: _From Earth to Art. The Many Aspects of the Plant-World in Anglo-Saxon England. Proceedings of the First ASPNS Symposium, University of Glasgow, 5-7 April 2000._ Ed. Carole P. Biggam. Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, 2003. 195-230.
Bischoff, Bernard, et al. (eds.)..
The Épinal, Erfurt, Werden and Corpus Glossaries. Early English manuscripts in facsimile 22. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1988.
Deegan, Marilyn.
A Critical Edition of MS. B.L. Royal 12.D.XVII: Bald's 'Leechbook'. Diss. Univ. of Manchester. 1988.
Dickins, Bruce (ed.).
Runic and Heroic Poems of the Old Teutonic Peoples. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1915.
Hankins, Freda Richards.
Bald's 'Leechbook' Reconsidered. Diss. Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1993.
Horn, Peter C..
"The Earliest Reference to Black Poplar in England?" BSBI News 73 (1996): 28.
Ker, Neil Ripley.
Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon. First published 1957. Re-issued. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.
Lendinara, Patrizia.
"The Glossaries in London, BL, Cotton Cleopatra A. iii." In: _Mittelalterliche volkssprachige Glossen: Internationale Fachkonferenz des Zentrums für Mittelalterstudien der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg 2. bis 4. August 1999._ Ed. Rolf Bergmann, Elvira Glaser, and Claudine Moulin-Fankhänel. Heidelberg: Winter, 2001. 189-215.
Lindsay, Wallace Martin.
Corpus, Épinal, Erfurt and Leyden Glossaries. Publications of the Philological Society VIII. London: Oxford University Press, 1921.
Meritt, Herbert Dean.
Old English Glosses. MLA General Series.16. Repr. New York: 1971.
MS London, British Library, Royal 12 D.xvii.
MS Oxford, St John's College, 154.
MS Antwerp, Plantin-Moretus Museum, 47.
MS Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale, Nouv.Acq.Lat. 586.
MS London, British Library, Add. 32246.
MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144.
MS Epinal, Bibliotheque Municipale, 72.
MS London, British Library, Cotton Cleopatra A.iii.
MS London, British Library, Royal 7 D.ii.
MS Oxford, Bodleian, Bodley 730.
MS Erfurt, Wissenschaftliche Allgemeinbibliothek, Amplonianus F.42.
Rusche, Philip Guthrie.
The Cleopatra Glossaries. Diss. Yale Univ. Yale University, 1996.
Sauer, Hans.
"Old English Plant-Names in the Epinal-Erfurt Glossary: Etymology, Word-Formation and Semantics." In: _Words, Lexemes, Concepts - approaches to the lexicon. Studies in honour of Leonhard Lipka._ Ed. Wolfgang Falkner and Hans-Jörg Schmidt. Tübingen: Narr, 1999. 23-38.
Stace, Clive.
New Flora of the British Isles. 2nd ed. with ill. by Hilli Thompson. Cambridge: University Press, 1997.
Voss, Manfred.
"Strykers Edition des alphabetischen Cleopatraglossars: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 13:2 (1988): 123-138.
Voss, Manfred.
"Quinns Edition der kleineren Cleopatraglossare: Corrigenda und Addenda." AAA 14:2 (1989): 127-139.
Wright, Cyril E. (ed.).
Bald's Leechbook. Early English manuscripts in facsimile. 5. Kopenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger, 1955.
[1]:
Note: "Read BETULUS ?"
L BETA = Beta vulgaris L., beet, Rote Bete; the lemma is either a corrupted BETULA or the glossator confused BETA with BETULA (cf. Wynn 1961,359 and Pheifer 1974, note 132). L POPULUS mostly denotes Populus alba L., white poplar, Silberpappel, which is not native to England (cf. Keble 1974, pl. 78). There is no OE name for this plant. Horn (1996,28), relaying on Dickens (1915) not convincingly argues for Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia but Biggam (2003,215ff.) clearly refutes his argumentation.
It is not possible to determine the birch species used in Anglo-Saxon times either from written or from archeologic sources. There are two birch tree species (+ subspecies) native to Britain (cf. Stace 1997, 123ff.): Betula pendula Roth., silver birch, Hänge-Birke; and Betula pubescens Ehrh., downey birch, Moor-Birke; additionally there is the shrub Betula nana L., dwarf birch, Zwerg-Birke.